摘要
本文根据1959—1988年水文和水质资料计算了海南岛河流多年平均物理侵蚀率(13.99mg/cm^2·a)和化学侵蚀率(15.97mg/cm^2·a)。此二值大大低于台湾岛河流侵蚀率的数值,主要原因是“台湾岛自上新世以来一直处于迅速上升运动中”。夏威夷群岛河流的物理侵蚀率和化学侵蚀率很低,但由于那里的玄武岩孔隙的渗透性强,其地下水的化学侵蚀率较高,所以地表水和地下水的总化学侵蚀率与海南岛相比不相上下。
The present-day physical denudation rate (PDR) and chemical denudation rate (CDR) ateach observational station located in the main river drainage areas of Hainan Island was cal-culated from extensive data (1959—1988) of suspended-particle loadings,total dissolved sclilloadings and the water-flow for the rivers.The average physical denudation rate for HainanIsland is 13.99 mg/cm^2·a and the average chemical denudation rate is 15.97 mg/cm^2·a.(?)ngeneral,the PDR and CDR for Hainan Island are much lower than those for Taiwan Island(the average PDR of Central Range of Taiwan Island is at least 1365mg/cm^2·a and the CDRfor the western part of Taiwan Island is 65 mg/cm^2·a and for the eastern part of TaiwanIsland is 38mg/cm^2·a).The intensive denudation of Taiwan Island is related with the extreme-ly abundant precipitation and waterflow with the rapid uplift of the Central Range sincethe Pliocene.Li Yuanhui pointed out that the high denudation rate of the Central Rangetoday is the direct consequence of the rapid upward movement of the Taiwan Island,but therapid denudation of the Central Range,in turn,aids further uplift of the Island by an isosta-tic adjustment.The discharge rate of dissolved matter is always higher than that of the par-ticular matter in the Hawaiian rivers when the river runoff is relatively low.The CDR byriver water is almost the lowest.The CDR by groundwater is little higher.So the totaldenudation rate of the Hawaiian Islands ranges from 11 to 50mg/cm^2·a,and is similar tothose of Hainan Island.
出处
《第四纪研究》
CAS
CSCD
1991年第4期289-299,共11页
Quaternary Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金
