摘要
价值多元是复杂社会的基本特征,政府对多元价值所持的态度,直接影响着政策的发展方向。本文以教育券政策僵局为例,解释了美国民主制度下,价值多元是如何导致新政策立法僵局,从而实现原有教育政策的稳定性。联邦主义的三权分立、联邦和州的分权,是美国民主的制度保证。在这种制度环境下,政府对民众多元价值的包容、民众对政府权力的约束、不寻求某种绝对性,成为美国联邦政府政策制定中的指导性准则,它保证了联邦政策的稳定性和延续性。类似教育券政策的立法困境,表明了联邦政府没有采取一种强硬的姿态来推行某种价值观,也保证了州和地方在教育政策工具选择上的自主性。最终也保证了美国联邦主义制度的延续及其合法性。
Value-pluralism is the basic characteristic of the complex social,the attitude of the government to the diversity of value,influences the direction of the development of the policy directly.In this paper,the author explains how the value of diversity can lead to the policy deadlock and ensure policy stability in the USA democratic system by the case of the plight of school voucher program.Separation of powers;the separation of powers of the federal and states in the federalism,is the base of the America democracy.This study suggests that,in this environment,inclusive pluralistic value;people’s constraint on government power;not to seek some kind of absolute based on the System of federalism,has been the guiding principles during policy making,which can explain the stability and continuity of the federal policy.The plight of policy legislation like the school voucher,means that the federal government did not take a hard-line stance to force the implementation of certain values,which ensures the autonomy of state and local education policy instrument of choice,and ultimately ensures the continuation and legitimacy of the American federalist system.
出处
《甘肃行政学院学报》
2013年第3期4-13,123,共10页
Journal of Gansu Administration Institute
关键词
美国教育券政策
政策僵局
价值多元
政策稳定
民主制度
公共政策
The USA
School voucher program
Policy stalemate
Value-pluralism
Policy stability
Democratic system
