摘要
文章以新疆鄯善绿洲为研究区,野外考察,GPS定点和土壤采样分析的基础上,运用统计特征值和趋势分析方法,深入分析研究区土壤含盐量,盐分化学组成和空间分布特征。分析结果表明:(1)研究区土壤pH平均值为7.91,属于中性土壤。土壤阳离子含量主要有Na++K+和Mg2+,其依次为Na++K+>Mg2+>Ca2+;阴离子含量主要有SO24-和Cl-,其依次为SO24->Cl->HCO3->CO3-。0～50cm土层盐分含量呈T型分布,10～30cm土层的含盐量较大,平均值为0.175%,盐分表聚较强,尤其是Na++K+和SO24-的含量向下减低显著。(2)不同土地类型的盐渍化空间变异显著,未利用地的盐渍化较轻,含盐量为0.15%,耕地的较高,为0.21%;耕地和葡萄园的离子含量以Na++K+和SO24-为主,其它土地类型的以Cl-、SO24-和Na++K+为主。(3)研究区土壤盐渍化的形成受复杂的自然因素影响外,更重要的是人为因素的影响比较大,因开垦后由于灌溉不科学,造成地下水位上升,盐渍化加重。
The paper chose Piqan County as study area, by applying statistical Eigen value and trend analysis, soil salinization of study area, Chemical composition of salt, spatial distribution features, as well as the conductivity, relationship between ions and correlations between salt ions are investigated based on field work , GPS positioning and soil sampling analysis. The results show that： （1） soil Ph value of study area is 7.93, which belongs to neutral soil. The main Cation contents are Na ^＋ ＋ K^＋ and Mg 2^ ＋ , Soil content of each cation is Na^＋＋ K＋ 〉Ca2^＋Mg^2＋ , Anion content is SO4^2- 〉 Cl^-HCO3^-〉CO3^- ; T- Distribution was shown by 0-50cm of soil salt content, 0--30cm of soil salinity is the largest, average value is 0. 175%. （2） Different types of land salinization has significant spatial variability, Salinization of the orchard with Salinity of 0.15% is the lowest, Salinization of halophytic grass land with salinity of 0. 21% is the highest. Contents of Na^＋＋ K^＋and SO4^2-ions is main in arable land and orchard, contents of Cl^- ,SO4^2- and Na^＋ ＋ K^＋ ions are main in other soil types. （3） Besides complex natural factors, soil salinization in study area, more importantly, has been influenced greatly by human factors, not scientific reclamation of irrigation caused rising groundwater levels and salinization.
出处
《新疆师范大学学报（自然科学版）》
2013年第2期30-34,共5页
Journal of Xinjiang Normal University(Natural Sciences Edition)
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(40961032)
关键词
盐渍化特征
鄯善绿洲
土壤
成因
Soil
Salinity character
Piqan country oasis
Causes
