摘要
目的了解海南地区血培养中病原体的分布及耐药性变迁情况,为临床正确选择抗菌药物提供依据。方法分析我院2011年1—12月血培养病原体的分布,并分析其中59株主要常见革兰阴性菌对23种抗菌药物以及16株革兰阳性菌对15种抗菌药物的耐药情况。结果从1 560例血培养标本中分离出病原体104株,阳性率为6.67%,大肠埃希菌28株(占26.93%)、假鼻疽伯克霍尔德菌13株(占12.50%)、金黄色葡萄球菌10株(占9.63%)、肺炎克雷伯菌8株(占7.70%)、铜绿假单胞菌6株(占5.77%)、表皮葡萄球菌6株(占5.77%)等;所属革兰阴性菌72株(占69.23%),革兰阳性菌29株(占27.88%),真菌3株(占2.89%)。59株主要常见革兰阴性菌均对亚胺培南敏感,对氨苄西林的耐药率均在85%以上,假鼻疽伯克霍尔德菌对头孢他啶敏感,大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)的检出率分别为39.29%(11/28)和37.50%(3/8)。6株主要常见革兰阳性菌对利奈唑胺、替加环素、万古霉素均敏感,耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)的检出率为30.00%(3/10)。结论血培养检出细菌的种类较多,而假鼻疽伯克霍尔德菌引起的血流感染值得海南地区临床医生的重视。
Objective To understand the distribution of pathogens in blood culture of Hainan Province in order to provide references for correct choice of antimicrobial drugs in clinic. Methods Blood cultured pathogens distributions in 2011 wereanalyzed. The drug resistance of 59 common gram - negative bacilli against 23 antimicrobial drugs and 16 gram - positive cocci against 15 antimicrobial drugs were both also analyzed. Results 104 strains of pathogens were isolated from 1560 blood culturespecimens with a positive rate of 6. 61%. Among them, 28 strains were Escherichia coli （26. 93% ） , 13 were false Burkholderiabacteria （12. 50% ）,10 were Staphylococcus aureus （9. 63% ）,8 were Klebsiella pneumoniae （7. 70% ）,6 were Pseudomonas aeruginosa （5.11%） and 6 were Staphylococcus epidermidis （5.77%） . 72 strains were gram - negative bacteria（69. 23% ）,29 strains were gram - positive bacteria （27. 88% ） and 3 strains were fungi （2. 89% ） . 59 strains commonly seengram - negative bacteria were all sensitive to imipenem, and had above 85% resistance to ampicillin. False Burkholderia bacteria were sensitive to ceftazidime. The detection rate of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae ESBLS were 39.29% （11/28） and 37.50% （3/8） respectively. 6 strains of commonly seen gram -positive bacteria were sensitive to linezolid, Tigecyctine and vancomycin. The detection rate of MRSA was 30. 00% （3/10） . Conclutsion Blood culture can detect various types of bacteria, and bloodstream infection caused by the false Burkholderia bacteria is worthy of the attention of the clinician in Hainan province.
出处
《中国全科医学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第18期2178-2180,共3页
Chinese General Practice
关键词
血培养
病原体
耐药性
Blood culture
Pathogens
Drug resistance
