摘要
利用温室盆栽试验研究了施 N与不施 N(底肥 )条件下不同生育阶段水分有限亏缺对冬小麦产量及其构成因素的影响。结果表明 ,在小麦苗期、拔节期、灌浆期进行水分亏缺胁迫处理 ,对其经济学产量、生物学产量、每盆有效穗数、每穗粒数、千粒重等影响达显著或极显著水平。苗期和灌浆期为水分亏缺不敏感期 ,拔节期为亏缺敏感期。在施底肥条件下拔节期水分亏缺使每穗粒数、千粒重显著减少 ,或低于对照水平。从补偿角度看 ,苗期是生物学产量的水分有效补偿期 ;拔节期为生物学产量的水分高效补偿期 ,是经济学产量的有效补偿期 ,受苗期和灌浆期水分丰缺状况影响 ,拔节期补水对 3种产量构成因素有不同程度的补偿效应 ;在有底肥条件下 ,灌浆期补水对籽粒产量无补偿效果 ,却使千粒重降低。
Using pot experimert with or without N fertilizer supply,the effects of water limited deficit stress in different stages on wheat grain yields and their constituents were studied.The results showed that water limited deficit stress in seedling stage,jointing stage and filling stage significantly affected grain yield,biomass,the effective numbers of ears,the grain numbers of each ear and the 1000 grain weight.The seedling stage and filling stage were not so sensitive to water limit deficit stress,but the jointing stage was very sensitive to the stress.The grain numbers of each ear and the 1000 grain weight significantly decreased by water stress in jointing stage with N fertilizer supply before sowing.On the other hand,the seedling stage was water effective compensation period of biomass;the jointing stage was highly effective water compensations period of biomass and also the effective compensation period of grain yield.Affected by the water status in seedling stage and filling stage,water supply in jointing stage have different compensation effects to 3 yield kind of factors.With N fertilizer applicated before sowing,water supply in filling stage had no compensation effect to grain yield but lowered the 1000 grain weight.
出处
《西北植物学报》
CAS
CSCD
2000年第2期193-200,共8页
Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金重大项目!"水肥高效优化耦合模式"( 49890 3 3 0 )
关键词
冬小麦
生育时期
水分有限亏缺
产量
构成因素
winter wheat
growth stages
water deficit stress
yield
yield constituents
