摘要
通过对中国、老挝边境地区野生动植物贸易的资料收集和调查研究 ,结果表明 ,中老野生动植物年贸易额超过 10 0 0万美元 ,合法贸易额约 50 0万美元 ,其中有 380 .6 3万美元是经过西双版纳州边贸局或勐腊海关登记的。常见的野生植物种类有 51种 ,其中有 35.3%野生植物是老挝禁止出口种类 ,4 3.14%的种类是属限量贸易种类 ;常见的野生动物种类 134种 ,其中哺乳类 56种 ,鸟类 4 5种 ,爬行类31种 ,鱼类和两栖类各 1种。交易的动物种类中 ,有 71种动物是国际上禁止贸易种类 ,属于CITES规定的一级保护种类有 19种 ,二级保护种类有 32种。在野生动植物合法贸易中 ,从采集者到老挝集镇的一级商贩 ,价格提高 2 0 %～ 70 % ,到达中国云南省勐腊 ,价格一般为原价的 2 .7倍 ,到达云南省以外市场 ,价格增加到原价的约 3.6倍 ,非法贸易的价格变化幅度是同级合法贸易的 2 .7～ 4 .5倍。动植物贸易的主要获利者是中间商贩 ,采集者的获利相对较小 ,但采集的劳动日收益仍达 0 .6～ 2 .8美元 /天 ,比当地种水稻和旱稻收益高。文章针对该地区野生动植物贸易的有效管理提出若干建议。
An investigation was conducted on wild plants and animals trade in China_Laos border areas. The results showed that during the period of 1997～1998, the annual amount of the trade was over 10 million US dollars, of which about 5 million US dollars through legal channel and 3.8 million US dollars registered in Xishuangbanna Transboundary Trade Management Bureau. Our study recorded 51 species of wild plants in the transboundary trade, including 35.3% species prohibited for trade and 43.14% species with export_amount limitation by Laos government. There were about 134 species of animals in the trade, including 56 species of mammals, 45 birds, 31 reptiles, one fish and one species of amphibian. Among which, 71 species were forbidden for trade by some international conventions, 19 species were categorized as first_class protected in CITES, and 32 species as second_class protected. In legal trade, the price of wild plants and animals increased by 20%～70% in average from the collectors to the first peddlers. When the products were transported to Mengla County of Yunnan Province, the price increases about 2.7 times of the original price, if transported to other places outside Yunnan Province, the price was about 3.6 times of the original. The price of illegal trade was about 2.7～4.5 times higher than the legal one, and most of the profits was obtained by intermediary traders. Local collectors gained a relatively small part of the profit, however, they could still get 0.6～2.8 US dollars per person per day, which was higher than other agricultural activities such as paddy rice or upland rice cultivation in this area. We also put forward some suggestions for effective management of the trade of the animals and plants in the China_Laos border areas.
出处
《生物多样性》
CAS
CSCD
2000年第3期284-296,共13页
Biodiversity Science
基金
美国麦克阿瑟基金会资助项目!"中老跨边界生物多样性管理与发展"(GrantNo .97- 49435 )
关键词
野生动植物贸易
管理
生物多样性保护
中老边境
wild plants and animals, transboundary trade, effective management, biodiversity conservation
