摘要
目的分析ICU危重病患者感染病原菌的分布及耐药性,探讨护理过程中预防感染的措施,以控制感染的发生,并对已发生的感染选择耐药率低的抗菌药物有效地治疗。方法 67例患者分别取样,经分离培养获病原菌进行药敏试验。结果分离出的病原菌革兰阴性菌50株占64.1%,革兰阳性菌28株占35.9%;革兰阳性菌中金黄色葡萄球菌和粪肠球菌分别占20.5%、15.4%;革兰阴性菌中铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和鲍氏不动杆菌分别占24.3%、16.7%和15.4%;ICU重症患者感染的主要革兰阳性病原菌对利奈唑胺、万古霉素和替考拉宁的敏感率为93.7%～81.3%,主要革兰阴性菌对美罗培南、亚胺培南和阿米卡星的敏感率为92.3%～94.7%。结论首先应预防ICU危重病患者的感染,并选择耐药率低的抗菌药进行及时有效地治疗。
OBJECTIVE To analyze the distribution and the drug resistance of pathogens causing critical severe infections in the ICU patients and explore measures to prevent the infections in the nursing process so as to control the infections and choose the sensitive antibiotics for the treatment. METHODS A total of 67 cases of patients were respectively sampled for the bacterial isolation and culture, then the drug susceptibility testing of the isolated pathogens was carried out. RESULTS A total of 78 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated% there were 28 （35.9%） strains of gram-positive bacteria, among which the Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis accounted for 20.5 % and 15.4 %, respectively; among the gram-negative bacteria, the Pseudornonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Acinetobacter baumannii accounted for 24. 3%, 16.7%, and 15.4%, respectively. The drug susceptibility rates of the main gram-positive pathogens causing infections in the ICU patients varied between 93.7% and 81.3%, and the drug susceptibility rates of the main gram-negative bacteria to meropenem, imipenem, or amikacin varied from 92.3 % to 94.7%. CONCLUSION It is necessary to prevent the infections in the critically ill patients in the ICU and choose sensitive antibiotics for the treatment.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第12期3015-3016,3031,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
关键词
危重病患者
病原菌
耐药性
预防感染
ICU patient
Pathogenic bacteria
Drug resistance
Prevention of infection
