摘要
目的探讨鼻咽癌患者放疗后真菌感染的危险因素,并提出对应的策略,以降低感染率。方法选取2009年11月-2012年11月在医院治疗的360例鼻咽癌放疗后患者临床资料进行回顾性分析,对存在有真菌感染的各项危险因素进行分析。结果高龄(>60岁)、有多种并发症(≥2种)、有皮肤或黏膜溃烂、使用免疫抑制剂、口腔黏膜溃烂、住院时间长(>50d)是真菌感染的危险因素,而真菌感染与性别无关;360例患者中使用抗菌药物有300例,使用时间长(≥35d)、使用种类多(>3种)、使用头孢类抗菌药物的真菌感染率最高(49.4%);真菌感染以白色假丝酵母菌最多,热带假丝酵母菌其次。结论真菌感染除了患者和治疗等危险因素之外,抗菌药物的不合理应用是其高危险因素,加强真菌感染的危险因素的控制如抗菌药物的合理应用、加强无菌操作和营养支持等是降低感染的重要措施。
OBJECTIVE To study the risk factors of fugal infections in the nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients after radiotherapy and put forward the corresponding countermeasures so as to reduce the infection rate. METHODS The clinical data of 360 cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients who underwent radiotherapy from Nov 2009 to Nov 2012, were retrospectively analyzed, then the risk factors of the fungal infections were analyzed. RESULTS The more than 60 years of age, more than two types of complications, skin or mucous membrane erosion, use of immune inhibitor, oral mueosa erosion, and hospital stay more than 50 clays were the risk factors of the fungal infections, the {ungal infections were not correlated with the gender. Of 360 cases of patients, there were 300 cases who used antibiotics, and the incidence of fungal infections was the highest （49.4 %） in the patients with the use of antibiotics more than 35 days and the use of cephalosporins more than three types. The Candida albicans was the predominant species causing the fungal infections, flowed by the Candida tropicalis. CONCLUSION In addition to the patients themselves and the treatment, the unreasonable use of antibiotics is the high risk factor of fungal infections. To reasonably use antibiotics and intensify the aseptic operation and the nutrition support is an important measure to reduce the incidence of infections.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第12期2904-2905,2918,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
基金
南阳市科技攻关项目(2010GG044)
关键词
鼻咽癌
放疗
真菌感染
危险因素
临床对策
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Radiotherapy
Fungal infection
Risk factor
Clinical countermeasure
