摘要
目的分析手足口病伴发中枢神经损害患儿的临床特征,以期为该病的临床防治工作提供参考依据。方法回顾性分析2008年3月-2012年8月医院收治的手足口病伴发中枢神经损害66例患儿临床资料,统计分析其相关的临床特征。结果 66例手足口病伴发中枢神经损害的患儿中男42例占63.6%,女24例,占36.4%,男性的发病例数显著高于女性(P<0.05);居住在农村的患儿50例占75.8%,城市的16例占24.2%,两者之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);伴发中枢神经损害的患儿年龄主要集中在<3岁,占78.8%;中枢神经系统损害主要表现为精神萎靡、手足抖动和嗜睡或昏睡,分别占92.4%、63.6%和57.6%,其次为易惊、昏迷、烦躁不安、肢体无力、抽搐等,分别占25.8%、22.7%、21.2%、19.7%和18.2%。结论手足口病患者伴发中枢神经损害主要集中在<3岁的患儿,精神萎靡、手足抖动和嗜睡或昏睡是其早期最常见的神经系统损害症状,早期的诊断和积极的治疗是减低死亡率和致残率的关键。
OBJECTIVE To analyze the clinical manifestations of central nervous system （CNS） damage in the children with hand, foot and mouth disease （HFMD） and explore its prevention measures. METHODS A total of 66 cases of HFMD patients with CNS damage were retrospectively analyzed in the study. The clinical manifesta-tions of those patients were statistically analyzed. RESULTS Of totally 66 cases of children complicated with HFMD and CNS damage, there were 42 （63.6%） male cases and 24 （36.4%） female cases, and the number of the male was significantly larger than that of the females （P〈0.05）. 50 cases of patients lived in rural areas, accounting for 75.8%, and 16 cases of patients lived in the urban area, accounting for 24.2%, the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05）. The CNS damage mainly occurred in the HFMD patients aged below 3 years old, accounting for 78. 8%. The clinical manifestations of the CNS damage mainly included the listlessness （92.4%）, hand or foot shake （63. 6%）, and drowsiness or lethargy （57. 6%）, followed by easy to panic （25.8%）, coma（22.70%）, irritability（21.20%）, limb weakness（19.7%）, convulsions（18.2%）. CONCLUSION The HFMD patients aged below 3 years old are the main population at high risk of CNS damage, and the listless-ness, hand or foot shake, and drowsiness or lethargy are the most common symptoms of CNS damage in the early stage. Early diagnosis and aggressive treatment is the key to reduce the mortality and morbidity.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第11期2665-2666,2716,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
关键词
手足口病
中枢神经损害
临床特征
Hand, foot and mouth disease
Central nervous system damage
Clinical manifestation
