摘要
目的了解干部病房老年患者医院感染发生率、危险因素及病原菌分布,为预防与治疗医院感染提供指导依据。方法对2011年1月-2012年1月干部病房≥60岁的560例住院患者进行调查,分析其感染部位及相关危险因素。结果 560例老年住院患者中,发生医院感染45例,医院感染率为8.0%,感染52例次,例次感染率为9.3%;感染部位以呼吸道感染为主33例次,占63.5%,其次泌尿系感染12例次,占23.1%;病原菌分布以革兰阴性杆菌为主,共39株占62.9%,革兰阳性球菌13株占21.0%,真菌10株占16.1%;患者年龄大、住院时间长、有侵入性操作以及使用多种抗菌药物均是导致医院感染的危险因素,不同基础疾病患者医院感染率不同,差异有统计学意义(χ2=19.6435,P<0.01),恶性肿瘤、脑血管疾病患者的医院感染率较高。结论老年患者易发生医院感染,积极治疗原发病,减少危险因素,增加机体免疫力,能有效地控制医院感染的发生。
OBJECTIVE To investigate the incidence and risk factors of nosocomial infections （NI） in the senile patients in cadre unit and analyze the distribution of pathogens so as to guide the prevention and treatment of nosoeomial infections. METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted for all 560 hospitalized patients aged more than 60 years in cadre unit from Jan 2011 to Jan 2012, then the infection sites and the related risk factors were analyzed. RESULTS Of 560 cases of senile patients, the NI occurred in 45 cases with the incidence rate of 8.0%; there were totally 52 case-times of patients with NI, the case-time infection rate was 9. 3%. The respiratory tract ranked the first place of the infection sites （33 case-times, 63.5%）, followed by the urinary tract （12case-times, 23. 1%）. Of totally the pathogens isolated, there were 39 （62. 9%） strains of gram-negative bacilli, 13 （21.0%） strains of gram-positive cocci ,and 10 （16.1%） strains of fungi. The old age, long hospital stay, invasive operation, and use of broad spectrum antibiotics were the risk factors of the NI. The patients with different underlying diseases varied in the infection rate, the difference was statistically significant （X^2=19. 6435, P〈 0. 01）. The incidence of NI was relatively high in the patients with malignant tumor or cerebrovascular diseases. CONCLUSION The senile inpatients are the susceptible population of NI. Treating primary diseases actively, reducing the risk factors, and increasing body immunity function are effective to control NI.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第11期2572-2574,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
基金
唐山市科技局(10130229a)
关键词
干部病房
老年患者
医院感染
Cadre unit
Senile patient
Nosocomial infection
