摘要
目的分析老年冠心病患者医院获得性肺炎的病原菌分布与相关原因及其防治措施。方法回顾性分析2009年5月-2012年5月医院收治住院时间均>2d的680例冠心病患者临床资料。结果 21例冠心病患者发生医院获得性肺炎,占入选病例的3.1%;感染率男性与女性比较差异无统计学意义;21份痰液标本中培养阳性标本17份,阳性率为81.0%;共分离鉴定出病原菌25株,其中革兰阴性菌14株占64.0%,革兰阳性菌11株占36.0%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);感染组患者男性与女性的比例、稳定性与不稳定性心绞痛、急性心肌梗死、高血压病和高血脂症与未感染组比较,差异无统计学意义;感染组患者年龄明显比未感染组患者的年龄高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);感染组患者糖尿病发病率和慢性支气管炎发病率显著高于未感染组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论老年冠心病患者发生医院获得性肺炎与患者的年龄、糖尿病和慢性支气管炎等相关,加强相关因素的控制,给予适宜的治疗和护理,可有效减少医院获得性肺炎。
OBJECTIVE To analyze the distribution of pathogenic bacteria and correlated factors of hospital-acquired pneumonia in the elderly patients with coronary heart diseases so as to put forward the corresponding nursing measures. METHODS The clinical data of 680 cases of patients with coronary heart diseases and the hospital stay more than 2 days who were treated in the hospital from May 2009 to May 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS Totally 21 cases were with hospital acquired pneumonia, accounting for 3. 1%, the difference in the infection rate between the male and female was not statistically significant. Of 21 sputum specimens, there were 17 specimens cultured positive with the positive rate of 81.0M. Of totally 25 strains of pathogens isolated, there were 14 （64. 0%） strains of gram-negative bacteria and 11 （36. 0%） strains of gram-positive bacteria, the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. The difference in the gender ratio, stable and unstable angina, acute myocardial infarction, hypertension, and hyperlipemia between the infection group and the non-infection group was not statistically significant; the patients of the infection group were significantly older than the patients of the non-infection group, the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05）. The incidence of both diabetes and chronic bronchitis of the infection group were significantly higher than that of the non-infection group , the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.01）. CONCLUSION The incidence of the hospital-acquired pneumonia in the elderly patients with coronary heart diseases is correlated with the age, diabetes mellitus, and chronic bronchitis. To strengthen the control of the risk factors and give the appropriate treatment and nursing can effectively reduce the incidence of hospital-acquired pneumonia.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第11期2557-2558,共2页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
关键词
冠心病
医院获得性肺炎
革兰阴性菌
革兰阳性菌
Coronary heart diseases
Hospital-acquired pneumonia
Gram-negative bacteria
Cram-positive bacte-ria
