摘要
利用金属-高热剂反应体系,基于高温氧化合成工艺制备一维纳米二氧化锡。该方法操作简便、设备简单、能耗极低,同时较之其他的纳米材料制备方法,有着更高的产量和产物纯度,十分适合工业化生产。采用X射线衍射分析、透射电子显微镜和扫描电子显微镜观察,表征产物的结构、微观形貌和成分组成,分析高温氧化过程中纳米二氧化锡形成的影响因素和生长机理。结果表明,所得二氧化锡纳米带为高纯度金红石结构单晶,表面光滑,均一性良好;该一维纳米二氧化锡的形成机理为'液-固压力约束快冷氧化'生长模式,不同于目前已经发现的汽-液-固、氧化物辅助、汽-固、溶液-液-固等典型纳米二氧化锡生长机制。这一发现说明此方法具有一定的可推广性,有希望拓展到其他金属氧化物纳米材料的工业制备之中。
Semiconducting oxides in one-dimensional shape have stimulated a great interest for applications in optics and sensor fields. One-dimensional nano-SnO2 with rutile structure, as an n-type semiconductor with a wide bandgap, is well known for its excellent photoelectric property, gas sensitivity and humid sensitivity. Recently, it has been reported that one-dimensional tin oxide materials, such as tin oxide nanobelts, can be synthesized by high-temperature oxidation method, a convenient and fast method with inexpensive experimental equipment. However, its synthesis mechanism and the growth process of tin oxide nanobelts in this method are still unclear. In this research, one dimensional nano-SnO2 is synthesized from metal-reactive assistant reaction system by high-temperature oxidation method, and their structure, morphology and composition are characterized by using X-ray diffraction （XRD）, transmission electron microscope（TEM） and scanning electron microscope（SEM）. The affecting factors and mechanism of the nano-SnO2 formation are discussed. The results show that they are smooth and uniform along the fiber axis, and had a high crystalline; and they are formed by means of the fusion and coalescence between neighboring SnO2 nanoparticles. A new mold, liquid-solid pressure constraint rapid cooling oxidation model is built to describe the growth mechanism of the one dimensional nano-SnO2, which is different from the known typical nano-SnO2 growth mechanisms, such as vapor-liquid-solid mechanism, oxide-assisted growth mechanism, vapor-solid mechanism, solution liquid-solid mechanism and so on. This method also applies to synthesizing other metallic oxide nanomaterials.
出处
《机械工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第10期103-109,共7页
Journal of Mechanical Engineering
基金
湖北省自然科学基金(2009CDB300)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2012208020201)
教育部博士研究生学术新人奖(5052012208001)资助
关键词
纳米线
二氧化锡
生长机制
高温氧化
Nanowires Stannic oxide Growth mechanism High-temperature oxidation
