摘要
对青海省春小麦田杂草发生种类、群落构成及发生规律进行了调查研究。结果表明:青海省春麦田杂草共有87种,隶属于25科。其中单子叶植物1科8种,双子叶植物24科79种。猪殃殃、藜、荞麦蔓、密花香薷、节裂角茴香、萹蓄等6种杂草为田间的优势杂草;尼泊尔蓼、西伯利亚蓼、野燕麦、芦苇、繁缕、苣荬菜、大刺儿菜为田间区域性优势杂草。发生规律的研究表明青海川水地区春麦田杂草出苗高峰期在5月中、下旬;脑山地区春麦田杂草出苗高峰期在5月上、中旬,1～2cm土层是杂草出苗的最适深度。青海春麦田杂草由过去的野燕麦和一年生双子叶杂草为主的群落结构明显向以多年生杂草和部分耐药性强的一年生杂草为主的群落结构演替。
The weed species,weed community structure and occurrence regulation in spring wheat fields in Qinghai province were investigated in this research. The results showed that there are 87 species, 25 families of weeds in spring wheat fields in Qinghai. Among those the monocotyledon are 8 species, 1 family, dicotyledon are 79 species, 24 families. Galium aparine （L）Var tenerum Rcbb , Chenopodium album L. , Radix Pteroxygoni Giraldii, Elsholtiza densa Benth ,Hypecoum leptocarpum Hook. f. et Thoms. and Polygonum aviculare L. are advantage weeds in wheat fields. Polygonum nepalense Meisn., Polygonum sibiricum Laxm., Arena fatua L., Phragmites australis, Stellaria media （Linn.）Cyr. , Sonchus brachyotus DC. , Cephalanoplos setosum （willd）Kitam. are regional advantage weeds. In irrigation region of Qinghai, peak time of emergence is during mid-to-late May ; in Qinghai mountain regions, peak time of emergence is in early to middle May. The optimum depth of weeds emergence is 1 - 2cm soil layer. Weed population structure has significantly changed in spring wheat field in Qinghai. The farmland weed community struc- ture has changed from wild oats and annual dicotyledonous weeds to perennial weeds and some resistant-herbicide annual weeds.
出处
《作物杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第3期116-120,共5页
Crops
基金
公益性行业(农业)科研专项"除草剂安全使用技术研究与示范"项目(201203098)
国家十二五科技支撑"农林重要杂草鼠害监控技术研发"项目(2012BAD19B02)
关键词
春小麦
杂草发生
杂草群落
青海省
Spring wheat
Weed community
Weed control
Qinghai province
