摘要
通过混土施药模拟长残效除草剂的土壤残留环境,揭示生物炭对异噁草松土壤残留的生物有害性的影响。结果表明,土壤中异噁草松残留量低于0.12mg/kg,对幼苗生长有促进作用,高于该阈值,逐渐表现为抑制作用;异噁草松残留达到0.96mg/kg时,幼苗生长基本处于停滞状态,施入生物炭能够有效降低其生物有害性;异噁草松残留超过0.72mg/kg时,不加生物炭处理,造成穗秃尖率大、结实率低、子粒成熟度差、含水率高;添加生物炭对玉米生长有一定的促进作用,产量平均增加10.25%;通过模拟试验预测:前茬大豆田异噁草松施用量低于2 250mL/hm2,对下茬玉米生长可能会有一定的促进作用;连续几年喷药量高于4 500mL/hm2,可产生一定程度的药害。生物炭对土壤中一定阈值范围内的异噁草松残留具有降低生物有害性的作用。
By simulating soil environment after applicating long residual herbicide by the concrete application method,the effects of biological carbon on biological hazardous of clomazone residual in soil were researched. The results showed that：Seedling growth was promoted when the level of clomazone residues volume was in the limit of 0.12mg/kg following, and the stimulating effect gradually manifested inhibition over 0.12mg/kg. When the content of clomazone residues exceeded to 0.96mg/kg, applying biological carbon to soil could effectively reduce the effects of biological hazardous of clomazone high residues in soil, and the corn showed no any injury symptoms. Exceeding 0.72mg/kg of the content of clomazone residues would result in high spike bald rate, low seed setting rate, high moisture content of grain without biological carbon treatment, while biochar had positive stimulative effect on crop growth, including plant height, ear height and ear grain weight were all increased;Through the simulation test, we could predict the safe threshold rang of clomazone application in former stubble soybean field was：when the field spraying quantity of clomazone was less than 2 250mL/hm2, it was certain stimulative effect following to the growth of corn. When spraying amount was higher over 4 500mL/hm2 for several years, the phytotoxicity was obviously. Applying biocar to soil could reduce the biological hazardous taken by clomazone residues within certain scope.
出处
《作物杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第3期111-116,共6页
Crops
基金
黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(C201205)
农业部产业体系项目(CARS-04-01A)
