摘要
目的分析广州市白云区疑似麻疹、风疹病例血清学检测情况,为防治麻疹、风疹提供科学依据。方法采用酶联免疫法(ELISA)对广州市白云区2009～2012年麻疹、风疹疑似病例血清标本进行IgM抗体检测,对检测结果进行统计分析。结果 4年共检测血液标本745份,麻疹IgM抗体阳性246份,总阳性率为33.02%,风疹IgM抗体阳性90份,总阳性率为12.08%,各年度麻疹、风疹阳性率差异有统计学意义。麻疹、风疹病例性别分布差异无统计学意义。麻疹主要分布在7岁以下年龄组,占总数的77.24%;风疹主要分布在15～39岁年龄组占总数的74.44%,麻疹、风疹不同年龄组抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义。麻疹、风疹发病时间都有明显的季节性,以春夏季高发。麻疹6～7月为发病高峰;风疹发病时间主要分布在3～8月份,占全年的96.67%。结论 2012年麻疹IgM抗体阳性率明显回升应引起重视,麻疹发病以儿童为主,风疹以青年居多。加强流动人口免疫规划管理是今后工作的重点,应进一步开展查漏补种和强化免疫工作,提高易感人群免疫水平。
Objective To analyze the serological test results of suspected measles and rubella cases in Baiyun District of Guangzhou, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of measles and rubella. Methods To have IgM antibody test of the serum specimens for the suspected measles and rubella cases in Baiyun District of Guangzhou by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） and to have a statistical analysis of the test results. Results A total of 745 blood specimens were tested within four years. Among them, 246 measles sam- pies showed IgM antibody positive, and the total positive rate was 33.02% ; 90 rubella samples showed IgM antibody positive, and the total positive rate was 12.08%. There was statistical significance for the positive ratio differences of measles and rubella in different years. And there was no statistical significance of gender distribution for measles and rubella cases. Measles is mainly distributed in children lower than 7 years old, which amounts to 77.24% of the to- tal ; rubella mainly accounted for 74.44% of the total in the 15 ~ 39 years old group. Measles, rubella antibody posi- tive rate had significant differences in different age group. There is obvious seasonal characteristics for the onset of measles and rubella; Measles cases can happen all the year rotmd, and Jun to July is the peak time; rubella mainly happen from March to August, accounting for 96.67% of total rate of the year. Conclusion The marked rise in the positive rate of measles IgM antibody in 2012 should be taken into account. Measles mostly attacks children, while rubella is more on the youth. The focus of our future work is to strengthen the immune planning management of the floating population. Timely vaccination and immunization should be ensured, the immunity levels of susceptible popu- lation should be enhanced.
出处
《现代医院》
2013年第5期151-153,共3页
Modern Hospitals
