摘要
偕二硝基类化合物是一种化学性能优良、热稳定性好的含能材料。2,2–二硝基丁醇（DNBOH）是合成偕二硝基类含能材料的重要中间体之一。介绍了DNBOH的几种合成方法：氯化硝化法、硝酸银氧化硝化法、新型氧化硝化法和电化学法。分析比较了各种方法的优缺点。结果表明,新型氧化硝化法是一种成本低廉、环境友好的合成方法,电化学法减少了原料的用量,降低了三废的处理量,具有较好的研究价值和应用前景。介绍了DNBOH在合成新型含能增塑剂和黏合剂方面的应用。
The all-nitrogen compounds are the promising candidates as energetic materials for high performance solid propellants. The high energies of these compounds are attributed to the large differences in bond energy between N=N single bond, N=N double bond and N=N triple bond in nitrogen molecule. Although both all-nitrogen anions and all-nitrogen cations have been synthesized successfully, the synthesis of their compounds is not successful. The successful synthesis of nitrogen cluster compounds is due to the stabilization action of carbon nano-tube and C60 to nitrogen clusters. The poly-nitrogens have been prepared at high temperature under high pressure, but they are unstable at ambient temperature under atmospheric pressure. The research progresses in three types of all-nitrogen compounds are reviewed.
作者
卢艳华
何金选
雷晴
任晓婷
郭滢媛
丁宁
曹一林
张寿忠
朱天兵
冯晓晶
刘长波
马会强
马英华
LU Yanhua, HE Jinxuan, LEI Qing, REN Xiaoting, GUO Yingyuan, DING Ning, CAO Yilin （The 42nd Institute of the Fourth Academy of CASC, Xiangyang 441003, China）
出处
《化学推进剂与高分子材料》
CAS
2013年第3期23-29,共7页
Chemical Propellants & Polymeric Materials
关键词
2
2–二硝基丁醇
DNBOH
合成
含能增塑剂
含能黏合剂
all-nitrogen compound
nitrogen cluster compound
all-nitrogen cation
all-nitrogen anion
poly- nitrogen
carbon nano-tube
