摘要
目的目前革兰阴性细菌对碳青霉烯类抗生素的耐药形势日趋严峻,耐药率日益增高,菌种类型也从非发酵菌扩大到肠杆菌科细菌。其耐药机制主要以产碳青霉烯酶为主,辅以细菌外膜蛋白通透性降低、主动外排泵功能亢进和药物作用靶点青霉素结合蛋白改变等多种耐药机制协同作用。耐药基因众多,新耐药基因层出不穷,耐药机制复杂,给临床和科研带来了极大挑战。本文主要就革兰阴性细菌耐碳青霉烯类抗生素的机制及耐药菌的流行情况做一简要综述。
Objective Antimicrobial therapy is limited against infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.The amount of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative pathogens has significantly increased during the last decade,including the nonfermentaters and Enterobacteriaceae.The mechanisms of drug resistance are mainly due to the production of carbapenemases,as well as the loss of outer membrane proteins（OMPs or porins） and the changes in target bacteria.Penicillin-binding proteins（PBPs） and the presence of over-expressed efflux pumps may also contribute to the drug resistance.Numerous drug-resistant genes,the intricate resistance mechanisms and emerges of new resistant genes have brought great challenges to clinical tests and medical researches.This paper is a summary of current researches on the mechanisms of Gram-negative bacteria resistance to carbapenems and their epidemiology.
出处
《中国微生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2013年第5期612-616,共5页
Chinese Journal of Microecology
