摘要
选取人工种植自然生长4年的小冠花和紫花苜蓿的土壤和无豆科植物覆盖的土壤为研究对象，设置4个采样深度，测定有机质、全氮、有效磷、速效钾和吸湿水含量等。结果表明：紫花苜蓿试验区0—15cm、15—30em、30～45cm和45～60cm土壤水分含量均高于对照区，且与对照区土壤水分含量随深度变化趋势相同，表明紫花苜蓿对土壤水分有较显著的提高作用；小冠花仅对15～30CI／1土壤水分有较显著提高作用。小冠花和紫花苜蓿提高45～60cm土层的有机质和15～30cm和45～60em土壤全氮含量的效果显著，特别是45—60cm深度，小冠花和紫花苜蓿试验区土壤有机质含量分别为对照区2．6和2．8倍，全氮含量为对照区的3．3和3．2倍。小冠花和紫花苜蓿均能显著提高土壤表层（0～15cm）有效磷含量，分别高出对照区56．54％和31．55％，同时紫花苜蓿能在一定程度上改善45～60cm土壤有效磷含量。紫花苜蓿对土壤速效钾含量的改善作用有随土层深度增加而增加的趋势，45～60om的土层改善作用最显著，从整体上讲，紫花苜蓿改善土壤速效钾含量的作用优于小冠花。试验区表层土壤（O～15cm）有机质与全氮和有效磷显著相关，但与速效钾无显著相关关系。0-45cm的土层，小冠花和紫花苜蓿试验区和对照区土壤均不缺乏营养物质，而45～60cm的土层，小冠花和紫环苜蓿试验区有机质含量较低，对照区全氮含量过低，小冠花试验区和对照区速效钾含量偏低。
The paper analyzed the effects on moisture, organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium in soil profile of the experiment areas and the control plot. Coronilla varia and alfalfa naturally grew for four years in the experiment areas. Results showed that soil moisture content in soil profile of the experimental areas was higher than it in the control plot, however, there was a same variation trend of soil moisture content in soil profile between the experimental areas and the control plot. Alfalfa could improve soil moisture content in the whole soil profile, while Coronilla varia could improve soil moisture content only in the depth of 15 - 30 cm. Coronilla varia and alfalfa could significantly improve soil organic matter content in the depth of 45 - 60 cm and total nitrogen content in the depths of 30 - 45 cm and 45 - 60 cm. In the depth of 45 - 60 cm, soil organic matter contents in Coronilla varia and alfalfa experimental areas were 2.6 and 2.8 times higher than the control plot, respectively, and the data of total nitrogen were 3.3 and 3.2 times, respectively. Both of Coronilla varia and alfalfa could significantly improve available phosphorus content in the depth of 0 - 15 cm. Soil available phosphorus contents in Coronilla varia and alfalfa experimental areas were 56.54% and 31.55% respectively, which were higher than them in the control plot. Moreover, Alfalfa could improve available phosphorus content in the depth of 45 - 60 cm, also improve available potassium content with the increase of soil depth in the soil profile. As a whole, the effect of Alfalfa on available potassium content was better than Coronilla varia. Soil organic matter content of top soil （0 - 15 cm） in the experimental areas had a high correlation with total nitrogen and available phosphorus, while it had no correlation with available potassium. Soil of 0 - 45 cm depth did not lack nutrients in the experiment areas and the control plot. However, soil organic matter content in the depth of 45 - 60 cm in Coronilla varia and alfalfa experimental areas was low. Total nitrogen in the control plot was low. Available potassium content was low in the Coronilla varia experimental area and the control plot.
出处
《土壤通报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第3期551-555,共5页
Chinese Journal of Soil Science
基金
中国气象局气候变化专项(CCFS-11-4)资助
关键词
小冠花
紫花苜蓿
土壤水分
有机质
全氮
有效磷
速效钾
Coronilla varia
Alfalfa
Soil moisture
Organic matter
Total nitrogen
Available phosphorus
Aavailablepotassium
