摘要
检测 16种蔬菜 ,其硝酸盐平均含量超过世界卫生标准 2 .76倍 ,亚硝酸盐含量未超标 ;检测 4种蔬菜的 4种重金属 ,含铜量合格 ,含铅量皆超标 ,含镉、铬量 1种达标 ,3种超标 ;检测 11种蔬菜农药残留 ,有 8种达标、 3种超标。调查了 6个蔬菜主要污染源 ,化学氮肥高用量、施肥不当是蔬菜硝酸盐累积多的直接原因。农田灌溉水、菜园土、农用垃圾的重金属污染与蔬菜重金属富集密切相关。化学农药高用量、用法不当、个别农户违禁使用高毒高残留农药 ,造成蔬菜农药残留量大。在生产上 ,不宜使用硝态氮 ,控制化学氮肥用量 ,有机、无机肥配合 ,正确使用氮肥硝化抑制剂 ;石灰、硫化钠、有机肥、生物农药 ,能有效降低硝酸盐、重金属。
Average content of nitrate in 16 kinds of examed vegetables was 2 76 timcs as much as that of the world health standard,but that of nitrite was normal.The average content of 4 types of heavy mental in 4 kinds of examed vegetables:copper was normal,lead was beyond the standard,cadmium and chrmiurn in one kind of them were normal,Pesticide residues in 11 kinds of examed vegetables:8 kinds were normal,3 kinds were beyond the standard Applying high dose of chemical N fertilizer and applying fertilizer unproperly were the direct reasons of high accumulation of nitrate in vegetable High accumulation of heavy mental in vegetable had a close relation with the pollutants remaining in irrigatation water,vegetable farm soil and rubbish.The reasons of high sidues of pesticide in vegetable include applying high dose of pesticide and high toxity and residues of pesticide Many approaches may be applied to bring down the content of nitrate,hcavy mental and pesticide in vegetable,such as,avoid using nitre nitrogen,controlling the dose of chemical nitrogen,combining application of chemical fertilizers with organicones,using nitrifying inhibitor and lime,Na 2S,biological pestcide,etc
出处
《福建农业学报》
2000年第1期16-21,共6页
Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
福建省自然科学基金项目!(C95 0 5 1 )
关键词
蔬菜污染
污染源治理
调查
福州
Vegetable pollution
Pollutant source
Controll and harness
