摘要
目的了解甘肃省碘缺乏病病情、居民碘营养水平及防治措施落实情况，为制订有效防治措施提供科学依据。方法按“人口比例概率抽样方法”（PPS）在甘肃省抽取30个县（市），每个县（市）抽取1所小学。每个小学抽查40名8～10岁儿童，使用B超法和触诊法检测甲状腺肿大情况，并定量测定其家中食用盐的碘含量。如果学生数量不够，可从临近的小学补足。同时抽取12名8～10岁儿童尿样，检测尿碘含量，同时采用3日称量法测算家中日人均食盐摄入量。在抽中学校附近，选择3个乡（镇、街道办事处），每个乡（镇、街道办事处）抽取孕妇和哺乳期妇女各5人，抽取1次尿样，检测尿碘。在抽中学校所在村（居委会），按东、西、南、北、中各抽取1份饮用水水样，如为集中式供水地区，则采集2份末梢水样，进行水碘测定。结果共采集水样83份，水碘中位数为2．02μ/L，范围为O．20～36．92μ/L，水碘低于lOμg／L的比例为89．2％（74／83）；共检测盐样1199份，盐碘中位数为27．4mg／kg，碘盐覆盖率为98．0％（1175／1199），碘盐合格率为90.3％（1061／1175），合格碘盐食用率为88．5％（1061／1199）；共对360户家庭盐摄入量进行调查，人均日摄盐量为8．5g，范围为2．5～17．8g。共对1200名儿童进行甲状腺检查，其中B超法甲状腺肿大率为2．8％（34／1200），触诊法甲状腺肿大率为3．5％（42／1200）；共采集儿童、孕妇、哺乳期妇女尿样359、450、450份，尿碘中位数分别为216．0、168．6、161．9μg／L。结论甘肃省碘缺乏病防治取得了显著进展，病情得到有效控制，各人群碘营养处于适宜水平。
Objective To master the condition of iodine deficiency disorders （IDD）, residents iodine nutritional status and implementation of prevention measures in Gansu Province and to provide a basis for developing control strategies. Methods Thirty primary schools were selected in Gansu Province utilizing cluster sampling methodology in 2011. In each selected school, 40 children aged 8 - 10 were randomly selected for thyroid examination and urine samples were collected from 12 children, at the same time measuring the average daily salt intake of domestic residents by 3 days weighing method. On the spot random urine samples and salt samples were collected from a subset of children included in the study. Three towns near the selected school were selected randomly and random urine samples were collected from 5 pregnant and 5 lactating women in each selected town. One drinking water sample was collected for analysis from different sources in five directions（east, south, west, north and central）in each administrative village with the sampled schools. In areas with centralized water supply, two tap water samples were collected for analysis. Results The water iodine median of 83 water samples was 2.02 μg/L, the range was 0.20 - 36.92 μg/L, and iodine median of 1199 salt samples was 27.4 μg/kg, iodine level in 89.2% （74/83） of the water samples was lower than 10 μg/L. The iodized salt coverage rate was 98.0% （1175/1199）, the qualified rate of iodized salt was 90.3% （1061/1175） and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 88.5%（1061/1199）. Total of 360 salt samples intake of households were colleeted, per capita daily salt was 8.5 g, and the range was 2.5 - 17.8 g. Total of 1200 children thyroid were checked, the thyroid goiter rate（TGR）of children was 2.8%（34/1200） by B-ultrasound and 3.5%（42/1200） by palpation. Total of 359, 450 and 450 urine samples of childen aged 8 - 10, pregnant and lactating women, the urinary iodine median were216.0, 168.6, 161.9 μg/L, respectively. Conclusions Great progress has been made in the prevention and control of IDD in Gansu Province. IDD has been controlled effectively and the urinary iodine medians are at optimal levels.
出处
《中华地方病学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第3期288-292,共5页
Chinese Journal of Endemiology
基金
中央补助地方公共卫生专项资金地方病防治项目（2011）
关键词
碘
缺乏症
甲状腺肿
地方性
尿
盐类
Iodine
Deficiency disorders
Goiter, endemic
Urine
Salts
