摘要
本试验旨在研究饲粮锌添加水平对蛋鸡生产性能和蛋壳品质的影响。选取288只产蛋率和体重相近、健康的52周龄海兰灰蛋鸡,随机分成4个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复12只鸡。试验分为预试期7周和正试期4周,预试期饲喂缺乏锌的玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮(锌水平为24.10 mg/kg),以尽量排除锌的影响;正试期各处理在基础饲粮中分别添加0、35.00、70.00和115.00 mg/kg锌。结果表明:1)饲粮中添加锌未见显著影响产蛋率、平均日采食量、平均蛋重、料蛋比、蛋壳强度和蛋壳硬度(P>0.05);2)饲粮中添加锌显著或极显著提高了蛋壳重量(P<0.05)、蛋壳指数(P<0.01)、蛋壳厚度(P<0.01)和壳重比例(P<0.05),其中以70.00 mg/kg组和115.00 mg/kg组效果较好;3)饲粮中添加锌极显著提高了血清和蛋壳腺内碳酸酐酶活性(P<0.01),改善了蛋壳晶体的微观结构,使晶体黏合更加紧密、大小更加均匀,且促进了晶体的垂直生长。结果提示,饲粮中添加锌未见显著影响产蛋后期蛋鸡生产性能,但通过提高血浆和蛋壳腺内碳酸酐酶活性,改善了蛋壳微观结构,提高了蛋壳品质;本试验条件下,饲粮添加70.00～104.00 mg/kg的锌可改善蛋壳品质。
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of zinc supplemental level on performance and eggshell quality of laying hens. Two hundred and eighty eight Hy-Line laying hens aged 52 weeks were ran- domly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates per group and 12 hens per replicate. During the first 7 weeks （ pre-feeding period）, all hens were fed a corn-soybean basal diet containing 24.10 mg/kg zinc. Experimental diets were introduced at the end of week 7 and were fed for a total of 4 weeks, and these diets consisted of the basal diet supplemented with 0, 35.00, 70.00, 115.00 mg/kg zinc. The results showed as follows ： 1 ） the supplementation of zinc did not significantly affect the egg production rate, average daily feed intake, average egg weight and the ratio of feed to egg （ P 〉 0.05 ） ; 2 ） the supplementation of zinc significantly increased egg- shell weight （ P 〈 0.05 ）, eggshell index （ P 〈 0.01 ）, eggshell thickness （ P 〈 0.01 ） and eggshell percentage （P 〈0.05）, and the effects of 70.00 and 115.00 mg/kg groups were better; 3） the supplementation of zinc significantly increased carbonic anhydrase activity both in blood and eggshell gland （ P 〈 0.01 ）, and crystal microstructure of eggshell was improved, the bonding among crystals was more tightened, the size of crystals was more even and almost all the crystals showed vertical growth to the cuticle. In conclusion, the supplemen- tation of zinc in the diet for late laying hens does not significantly affect their performance, but tends to in- crease the eggshell quality by improving carbonic anhydrase activity of blood and eggshell gland, and crystalmicrostructure of eggshell. The optimal level of zinc is 70.00 to 104.00 mg/kg in the present study.
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第5期1093-1098,共6页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-41-K13)
国家科技支撑计划(2011BAD26B04)
北京家禽创新团队(CARS-BTPI)
关键词
锌
蛋鸡
生产性能
蛋壳品质
zinc
laying hens
performance
eggshell quality
