摘要
本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加屎肠球菌对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道菌群和免疫功能的影响。选用255头(35±1)日龄断奶的"杜×长×大"三元杂交仔猪,随机分为5个组,每个组3个重复,每个重复17头仔猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮(不添加抗生素和屎肠球菌);抗生素组在基础饲粮中添加8 mg/kg黄霉素和90 mg/kg阿散酸;屎肠球菌3个试验组在基础饲粮中分别添加100、300、500 mg/kg屎肠球菌。试验期为35 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加屎肠球菌对仔猪平均日采食量(ADFI)、平均日增重(ADG)、料重比(F/G)没有显著影响(P>0.05),但添加100、300 mg/kg的屎肠球菌有提高仔猪ADFI的趋势(P>0.05),添加500 mg/kg的屎肠球菌有降低仔猪F/G的趋势(P>0.05)。与抗生素组相比,饲粮中添加屎肠球菌对仔猪ADG、ADFI、F/G均无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加300、500 mg/kg的屎肠球菌显著增加仔猪盲肠中乳酸杆菌的数量(P<0.05);与抗生素组相比,饲粮中添加100、300、500 mg/kg的屎肠球菌对其数量没有显著影响(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,饲粮中添加500 mg/kg的屎肠球菌显著降低仔猪结肠中大肠杆菌的数量(P<0.05),添加300、500 mg/kg的屎肠球菌显著增加仔猪结肠中乳酸杆菌数量(P<0.05);与抗生素组相比,饲粮中添加300、500 mg/kg的屎肠球菌显著增加仔猪结肠中乳酸杆菌数量(P<0.05)。3)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加300 mg/kg的屎肠球菌显著提高仔猪脾脏重量和脾脏指数(P<0.05)。与抗生素组相比,饲粮中添加300、500 mg/kg的屎肠球菌可显著提高仔猪脾脏重量(P<0.05)。4)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加300、500 mg/kg的屎肠球菌显著提高仔猪血液中淋巴细胞数量及淋巴细胞比率(P<0.05),添加100、300、500 mg/kg的屎肠球菌显著提高血清中免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量(P<0.05),添加300、500 mg/kg的屎肠球菌显著提高血清中免疫球蛋白M(IgM)含量(P<0.05)。与抗生素组相比,饲粮中添加300、500 mg/kg的屎肠球菌显著提高仔猪血液中淋巴细胞比率及血清中IgM含量(P<0.05),添加100、300、500 mg/kg的屎肠球菌显著提高血清中IgG含量(P<0.05)。综上所述,仔猪饲粮中添加屎肠球菌可以改善仔猪生长性能,维持仔猪肠道菌群平衡,有效增强仔猪免疫力,其中以添加500 mg/kg效果最好。
Two hundred and fifty-five weaner piglets I （35 ±1 ） days of age, Duroc x Landrace x Yorkshire] were used to study the effects of Enterococcus faecium on the growth performance, intestinal flora and immune function. These piglets were randomly allocated into 5 groups with 3 replicates per group and 17 piglets per replicate in a complete randomized design. The control group was fed a basal diet only, antibiotic group was fed the basal diet ＋ 8 mg/kg flavomycin and 90 mg/kg arsanilic, and the three Enterococcus faecium groups were fed the basal diet ＋ 100, 300, 500 mg/kg Enterococcusfaecium, respectively. The experiment lasted for 35 days. The results showed as follows： 1 ）compared with the control group, average daily gain （ADG）, av- erage daily feed intake （ADFI） and feed/gain （F/G） had no significant difference among 5 groups （P 〉 0.05 ） ; the addition of 100 and 300 mg/kg Enterococcus faecium tended to increase ADFI （ P 〉 0.05 ） ; the supplementation of 500 mg/kg Enterococcus faecium tended to reduce F/G （ P 〉 0.05 ）. Compared with the antibiotic group, there were no significant differences in ADG, ADFI and F/G when piglets fed diets with En- terococcus faecium （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. 2 ） Compared with the control group, diets supplemented with 300 and 500 mg/kg Enterococcus faecium significantly increased the number of Lactobacillus in caecum （ P 〈 0.05 ）, and there was no significant difference between the Enterococcus faecium group and the antibiotic group （ P 〉 0.05 ）. Compared with the control group, the diet supplemented with 500 mg/kg Enterococcus faecium signif- icantly reduced the number of Escherichia coli in colon （ P 〈 0.05 ）, and the supplementation of 300 and 500 mg/kg Enterococcus faecium significantly increased the number of Lactobacillus in colon （P 〈 0.05 ）. Compared with the antibiotic group, the supplementation of 300 and 500 mg/kg Enterococcus faeciurn signifi- cantly increased the number of Lactobacillus in colon （ P 〈 0.05 ）. 3 ） Compared with the control group, the supplementation of 300 mg/kg Enterococcus faecium significantly increased spleen weight and spleen index of piglets （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The addition of 300 and 500 mg/kg Enterococcus faecium in the diets significantly in- creased spleen weight compared with the antibiotic group （ P 〈 0.05 ）. 4 ） Compared with the control group, adding 300 and 500 mg/kg Enterococcus faecium significantly improved the number of lymphocyte and lym- phocyte rate in blood of piglets （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; the supplemetation of Enterococcus faecium significantly in- creased the content of immunoglobulin G （IgG） in serum of piglets （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; the supplementation of 300 and 500 mg/kg Enterococcus faecium significantly increased the content of immunoglobulin M （IgM） in serum of piglets （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Compared with the antibiotic group, the addition of 300 and 500 mg/kg Enterococcus faecium in the diets significantly improved lymphocyte rate in blood and the content of IgM in serum of piglets （ P 〈 0.05 ）, and the supplemetation of Enterococcus faecium significantly increased the content of IgG in ser- um of piglets （ P 〈 0.05 ）. It is concluded that Enterococcus faecium will be an ideal feed additive to improve the growth performance, regulate intestinal microflora balance and the immune function in piglets and the opti-mum supplemental level of Enterococcus faecium is 500 mg/kg.
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第5期1069-1076,共8页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
山东省现代农业产业技术体系生猪创新团队建设项目
关键词
断奶仔猪
屎肠球菌
生长性能
肠道菌群
免疫功能
weaner piglets
Enterococcus faecium
growth performance
intestinal flora
immune function
