摘要
目的通过现患率调查,了解医院感染的实际情况,发现医院感染管理中存在的问题,有效预防与控制医院感染。方法采用床旁逐个调查和查阅在架病历相结合的方法,填写统一现患率调查表,对2011年9月9日和2012年2月28日发生医院感染患者的临床资料进行统计分析。结果 2011与2012年医院感染现患率分别为2.40%与3.89%,例次感染率为2.40%与4.05%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);医院感染部位以呼吸道居首位,占77.35%,其次为泌尿道占6.90%,皮肤软组织占3.95%;医院感染高发科室为ICU、神经内科、神经外科、肿瘤科和肾内科;多药耐药菌在医院感染病原菌中的比例分别为35.3%和32.1%,限制级使用抗菌药物病原微生物送检率分别为36.9%和54.8%;当日抗菌药物使用率分别为55.2%和52.0%。结论加强对医院感染重点部门、重点部位的监测与干预,提高医务人员感染控制意识,合理使用抗菌药物,对降低医院感染具有重要意义。
OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence rate of nosocomial infections in the hospital and understand the actual situation so as to find the problems in the management of nosocomial infections and effectively prevent and control the nosocomial infections. METHODS By means of bedside investigation and review of on-shelf medical records, the uniform tables of prevalence were filled out, and the cases being infected on Sep 9, 2011 and Feb 28, 2012 were statistically analyzed. RESULTS The prevalence rate of the nosocomial infections was 2.40% in 2011 and 3.89% in 2012, and case-time prevalence rate was 2. 40% in 2011 and 4. 05%in 2012, the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. The respiratory tract ranked the first place among the infection sites, accounting for 77.35%, followed by the urinary tract（6.9%） and the skin and soft tissue（3. 95%）; the ICU, neurology department, neurosurgery department, oncology department and renal medicine department were the departments at high risk of nosocomial infections; the multidrug-resistant pathogens causing the nosocomial infections accounted for 35.3% in 2011 and 32. 1% in 2012;the submission rate of the pathogenic microorganism for the restricted antibiotics was 36.9% in 2011 and 54.8% in 2012; the utilization rate of antibiotics on the current day was 55.2% in 2011 and 52.0% in 2012. CONCLUSION It is of great significance in reducing the incidence of nosocomial infections to strengthen the control of the nosocomial infections in the key departments and key sites, improve the awareness of infection control of the medical staff, and reasonably use antibiotics.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第10期2289-2291,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
关键词
医院感染
现患率
病原菌
抗菌药物
Nosocomial infection
Prevalence rate
Pathogenic bacterial Antibiotic
