摘要
目的 研究金黄色葡萄球菌对抗生素的耐药性变化。方法 应用琼脂稀释法对 1993年～ 1998年收集的 32 1株金黄色葡萄球菌 ,其中 1993年 41株 ,1994年 6 4株 ,1995年 30株 ,1996年 135株 ,1998年 5 1株进行 10种抗菌药的药敏实验。结果 所检菌株对苯唑青霉素的耐药率由 1993年的12 .2 %升至 1998年的 2 9.4%。对克林霉素、环丙沙星的耐药率分别由 1993年的 5 1.2 %和 2 .4%升至1998年的 72 .5 %和 17.6 %。红霉素、四环素及氯霉素在这几年中的耐药率分别达 80 %、70 %和 5 0 %。未发现耐庆大霉素、利福平及万古霉素耐药菌株。结论 该组实验对象所及范围内 ,1998年耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌 (MRSA)的分离率较 1993年有显著增加 。
Objective ToexploretheantibioticresistanceepidemiologicalstatusofStaphylococciaureus (SA)isolatedfromBeijingChildren′sHospitalintheperiodbetween 1993 1998.Methods Between 1993and 1998,32 1SAisolateswerecollectedfromchildrenaged 15daysto 15years.Theauthorstested 41,6 4,30 ,135 and 5 1isolatesofSAisolatedin 1993,1994,1995 ,1996and 1998,respectively ,forminimuminhibitory concentration (MIC)to 10kindsofantibioticswithagardilutionmethod .TheseantibioticsincludedpenicillinG , oxacillin,erythromycin ,tetracycline,chloramphenical,clindamycin ,ciprofloxacin ,vancomycin ,rifampinand gentamycin.Results (1)All 32 1isolateswereresistanttopenicillinG .(2 )Therewasobviouslystatistical differenceindrugresistanceratesofSAto 3kindsofantibiotics (P <0 .0 5 )between 1993and 1998.Methicillin resistantStaphylococcusaureus (MRSA)increasedsignificantlyfrom 12 .2 %in 1993to 2 9.4%in 1998.The resistanceofSAtoclindamycinandciprofloxacinincreasedfrom 5 1.2 % ,2 .4%to 72 .5 %and 17.6 % significantly.(3)TheresistanceofSAtoerythromycin ,tetramycinandchloramphenicalduringtheseyearswere 80 % ,70 %and 5 0 %orso ,respectively .(4 )All 32 1isolateswereexquisitelysusceptibletovancomycin , rifampinandgentamycin .(5 )OftheseSA ,6 9(2 1.5 % )isolateswereMRSAand 2 5 2 (78.5 % )were methicillinsensitiveStaphylococcusaureus(MSSA) .(6 )Allthe 6 9MRSAisolatesweremultiresistant,96 .0 %of the 2 5 2MSSAweremultiresistanceisolates .Therewasstatisticallysignificantdifferenceindrugresistanceratesto 5kindsofantibiotics (P <0 .0 5 )betweenMRSAandMSSA .Theseantibioticswereerythromycin ,clindamycin , tetracycline,chloramphenicalandciprofloxacin .TheresistanceratesofMRSAtoerythromycin ,clindamycin , tetramycin ,chloramphenical,andciprofloxacinwere 97.1% ,95 .7% ,81.2 % ,78.3 %and 2 0 .3 % , respectively.TheresistanceratesofMSSAtoerythromycin ,clindamycin ,tetramycin ,chloramphenical,and ciprofloxacinwere 81% ,5 3.2 % ,6 7.1% ,43 .3 %and 7.5 % ,respectively .Conclusion ResistanceofSA tooxacillin ,clindamycinandciprofloxacinhadincreasedfrom 1993to 1998significantlyintheregioninvolved . ThedegreeofresistanceandresistanceregionofMRSAweregettingmoreseriousthanMSSA .Rationalandcorrect useofantibioticsshouldbeemphasized .
出处
《中华儿科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2000年第7期439-441,共3页
Chinese Journal of Pediatrics
关键词
抗生素
耐药性
耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌
Staphylococcus,aureus
Drug resistance ,multiple
Methicillin resistance
Antibiotics
