摘要
本文从熵极大原理出发导出了在一次降水过程中降水强度与其历时为负指数关系。并从中引出几个实用方程。这一结果与Paulhus等给出的经验方程在函数形状上类似。 本文通过对400多次遍及中国各地的降水自记记录分析证实,此理论公式与实况的平均相对偏差为10.7％,比Paulhus等的公式相对偏差小了5％。 此结果可用于暴雨、防洪服务和水利工程设计中。这启示人们熵极大原理在气象水文领域有应用潜力。
Under a very simple constrain from the Maximum Entropy Principle, we found that an intensity-duration relation of Precipatation processes obeys negative exponent law. Based on this relation, several empirical formulas were derived. Those formulas are the empirical formula derived by L.H.Paulhus.415 rain gauge data collected from stations over China were used to calculate the relative deviation of the theory formula. The relative deviation is 10.7%, which is less than the paulhus results.These formulas are useful for heavy rain forecasting flood control and hydrological engineering design. Also, this fesults tell us that the maximum entropy principle could be used in meteorology.
出处
《大气科学》
CSCD
北大核心
1991年第6期17-25,共9页
Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金
新疆科委资助项
关键词
降水
雨量
时程方程
熵原理
Rain rate intensity
Entropy principle.
