摘要
对某乘用车钢制保险杠防撞梁进行三点静压试验和仿真分析,得到评价该防撞梁强度和吸能性能的关键参数。为实现轻量化要求,以钢制防撞梁的性能参数为基准,采用材料替换和结构优化方法设计新的铝合金防撞梁。运用optistruct对铝合金防撞梁的截面进行拓扑优化,确定防撞梁的最优截面形状为'日'字形结构。将'日'字形防撞梁各个板件的厚度和通过Hypermorph建立的截面形状改变作为设计变量,通过Hyperstudy和LS-DYNA联合仿真进行形状和尺寸优化,经过13步迭代计算结果收敛,得到各设计变量的最优值。根据优化结果试制铝合金防撞梁样件,对铝合金保险杠防撞梁进行相同的三点静压试验并与钢制的试验结果作对比分析,结果显示铝合金防撞梁减重效果达到38.4%,且静压支反力峰值提高了11.1%,比吸能变为钢制的1.9倍,可见铝合金防撞梁性能优异。
The strength and energy absorption parameters of the anticollision beam of a steel bumper are obtained by three-point static pressure test and simulation. After that material substitution is carried out and a new aluminum alloy beam is designed by structure optimization method based on the performance of the Steel beam. The glyph optimal cross-section is determined through optistruct topology optimization. Taking the thickness of each plate and the cross-section changed by Hypermorph as design variables, size and shape optimization is completed through Hyperstudy and LS-DYNA united simulation. The results converge after 13 iterations. According to the optimization results some samples are manufactured. Finally, three-point static pressure experiment and comparative analysis are completed to verify that the new anticollision beam will be just 38.4% lighter than the steel part, and the peak of the static pressure reaction force is enhanced by 11.1%. Its specific energy absorption（SEA） is 1.9 times larger than that of the steel part. In conclusion, the performance of the new aluminum alloy beam is excellent.
出处
《机械工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第8期136-142,共7页
Journal of Mechanical Engineering
基金
国家'十二五'科技支撑计划资助项目(2011BAG03B06)
关键词
防撞梁
三点静压
铝合金
拓扑优化
联合仿真
Anticollision beam Three-point static pressure test Aluminum alloy Topological optimization United simulation
