摘要
目的:了解人类呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)感染所致儿童重症肺炎的流行病学及临床特点。方法:将2007年1月1日至2010年12月30日苏州大学附属儿童医院PICU和呼吸科收治的单纯RSV阳性且临床诊断为重症肺炎的患儿196例设为重症组,2010年1月1日至2010年12月30日呼吸科收治的单纯RSV阳性且临床诊断为普通肺炎的患儿212例设为普通组,比较分析两组患儿的流行病学和临床特点。结果:(1)两组均以2岁以下婴幼儿为主,以咳嗽、喘息症状为主要临床表现;(2)重症组发热和胃肠道出血发生率、机械通气比例及病死率高于普通组(P<0.05);(3)重症组氧和指数(PaO2/FiO2)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、Na+、血糖(Glu)、乳酸(LAC)等实验室检查项目异常比例高于普通组(P<0.05);(4)两组胸部影像学表现均以双侧肺受累为主,而重症组大范围病灶、肺气肿、肺不张的发生率高于普通组(P<0.05)。结论:苏州地区重症RSV肺炎多见于2岁以下婴幼儿,好发于秋冬季节,以发热、咳嗽、喘息和呼吸困难为主要表现,可合并心肌损害、肝损害和电解质紊乱等肺外表现。
Objective： To study epidemiological and clinical characteristics of children with severe respiratory syncytial virus （RSV） pneumonia. Methods： From January 1 st, 2007 to December 30th, 2010, 196 cases of severe RSV pneumonia were treated in Pediatrics Intensive Care Unit were divided into severe group. Their epidemiological and clinical characteristics were analyzed and compared with 212 cases of normal pneumonia treated in department of respiratory medicine from October 1 st, 2010 to December 30th, 2010. Results： Most of the cases from both groups were commonly younger than two years old. Their major symptoms were cough and wheezing. The incidence of fever and gastrointestinal bleeding, mechanical ventilation ratio, and mortality were much higher in the severe group. The abnormal ratio of oxygenation index （PaO2/FiO2 ） , CK-MB, ALT, Na＋, Glu, LAC of the severe group were much higher than those of the normal group （ P〈O. 05 ）. In both groups, chest imaging manifested as double lung lobes infection. However in the severe group, the incidence of pulmonary emphysema and atelectasis were much higher than those in the normal group. Conclusions： Children with severe RSV pneumonia were commonly younger than two years old, and the main clinical manifestations were fever, cough, wheezing and dyspnea. The disease was also complicated by myocardial injury, liver injury, and electrolyte disturbance.
出处
《儿科药学杂志》
CAS
2013年第5期14-17,共4页
Journal of Pediatric Pharmacy
关键词
儿童
呼吸道合胞病毒
肺炎
Children
Respiratory syncytial virus
Pneumonia
