摘要
我国总的人口红利仍处于高峰状态,今后将逐步进入后人口红利期。通过对全国人口普查的资料以及其他资料进行分析,发现人口红利在总量与结构、地区与地区之间存在着不均衡的矛盾;基础教育水平虽然整体提高,但职业技术教育的投入却严重不足,从而导致"用工荒"与"就业难"并存。进一步的研究表明,制度不健全、投入不足以及教育体系不完善等是造成当前农村剩余劳动力难以转移的根本原因。政府只有通过完善职业技术教育制度、加大投入,通过制定各种激励措施吸引社会力量采取多种模式因材施教、按需培训,鼓励农村剩余劳动力主动参加职业技术教育,才能达到增加人口红利的目的。
The overall demographic dividend of China is experiencing peak, but will enter the late demographic dividend period gradually. We found imbalances of demographic dividend on the amount, structure and regions by analyzing our national population census data and other materials. Although basic education level has been overall improved, but investment in vocational and technical education is far from enough, which leaded to phenomenon of ' Labor shortage ' and ' the difficult employment ' . Further researches showed that, imperfect system, inadequate investment and unperfected training system are the root reasons to prevent the current rural surplus labor to transfer to other regions. Thus government can achieve the purpose of increasing the demographic dividend by improving vocational and technical training system, increasing investment, through various incentive measures to attract social forces to take a variety of vocational and technical education model, on the use of individualized, on-demand training methods, while encouraging the rural surplus labor force in vocational and technical training at the same time.
出处
《河南社会科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2013年第4期68-71,108,共4页
Henan Social Sciences
基金
国家社会科学基金项目(12BJL027)
教育部人文社科研究规划基金项目(12YJA790100)
关键词
人口红利
劳动力转移
职业教育
制度创新
Demographic Dividend
Labor Force Migrate
Vocational and Technical Education
Institutional Innovation
