摘要
目的 了解临沂市铅中毒的患病特点及规律。方法 将 162例铅中毒病例按一般资料进行统计分析。结果 ① 162例铅中毒男性 83例 ,占 51.2 3% ,女性 79例 ,占 4 8.77% ;②职业性铅中毒141例 ,占 87.0 4 % ,非职业性铅中毒 2 1例 ,占 12 .96% ;③ 2岁幼儿 1例 ,50岁以上老人 5例 ,2 0～ 4 5岁 156例 ;④轻度 98例 ,中度 63例 ,重度 1例 ,分别占 60 .4 9%、38.89%和 0 .62 % ;⑤误诊率为9.88% ( 16/ 162 ) ,职业性铅中毒误诊率为 2 .84 % ( 4 / 141) ,非职业性铅中毒误诊率为 57.14%( 12 / 2 1) ,两者有非常显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1) ;⑥ 141例职业性铅中毒均来自乡镇个体炼铅厂 ;2 1例非职业性铅中毒有 1例为母源性 ,12例为药源性 ,8例为酒源性。结论 ①职业性铅中毒多于非职业性铅中毒 ;②非职业性铅中毒误诊率高于职业性铅中毒 ;③铅危害累及婴幼儿 ;④乡镇个体炼铅厂铅危害严重。
Objective To explore the characteristics and regular rules of plumbism.Methods Statistical analysis was made among 162 cases of plumbism.Results Of the 162 cases,83 cases(51.23%) were male and 79(48.77%) were female.141 cases (87.04%) were confirmed to be of occupational plumbism and 21 cases (12.96%) belonged to nonoccupational plumbism.All these patients included a two-year-old child,5 old people over 50 and 156 adults of 20-45 years old.Among them,98 cases (60.49%)belonged to mild ones,63(38.8%) moderate ones and 1 (0.62%) severe one.The total misdiagnosis rate was 9.88% (16/42).The misdiagnosis rates of occupational and nonoccupational plumbism were 2.84%(4/41) and 57.14 (12/21) respectively(P<0.01).All the patients with occupational plumbism came from small township lead refineries.Of the 21 cases of nonoccupational plumbism,1 was oaused by maternal lead poisoning ,12 by drug administration and 8 by abuse of alcohol.Conclusion There are more patients with occupational plumbism than those with nonoccupational plumbism.The misdiagnosis rate in patients with nonoccupational plumbism is higher than that in patients with occupational plumbism.Infants may also suffer from lead poisoning indirectly.Township lead refineries are the major harm sources.
出处
《临沂医学专科学校学报》
2000年第3期199-200,共2页
Journal of Linyi Medical College
