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脑卒中患者膳食结构与营养状况调查分析 被引量:12

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摘要 目的:调查并分析脑卒中住院患者膳食结构和营养状况。方法:根据中国营养学会推荐的《中国居民平衡膳食宝塔》,调查神经内科50例脑卒中住院患者的资料。在患者入院时对其营养状况进行评估和记录,实时登记患者住院期间每日进食的食物含量及种类,7 d统计1次。分析脑卒中患者营养状况与膳食结构特点,并与膳食金字塔营养标准进行比较。结果:住院脑卒中患者膳食结构的主要特点是:其膳食比例上存在着明显差异,主食以谷类为主,蔬菜水果、鱼禽肉类及水的平均摄入量均低于推荐水平(P<0.05),尤以豆制品摄入严重不足,仅8%脑卒中患者食用,且平均摄入量(14.90±11.72)g/d,显著低于最低推荐摄入量30 g/d水平(P<0.05)。油脂摄入过量,平均摄入(34.24±24.41)g/d,高于25 g/d推荐摄入量(P<0.05)。蛋类较符合膳食金字塔的推荐摄入量,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:住院脑卒中患者有不良饮食习惯,其膳食结构不合理,膳食状况以谷类、蔬菜水果、鱼禽肉类、奶类、水及豆类摄入不足为主要问题,应加强住院期间的健康教育和饮食指导,以调整不平衡膳食结构、提高患者营养知识水平及纠正不良的膳食习惯,最终达到提高患者的生活与生命质量的目的。
出处 《护理实践与研究》 2013年第8期149-150,共2页 Nursing Practice and Research
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