摘要
研究了41个切花小菊品种的散粉特性及影响散粉量的关键指标，旨在为培育散粉少或不散粉切花小菊奠定基础。结果发现：（1）供试的切花小菊品种每花序管状花数的变化范围为85．6～320．2个，绝大多数品种单花花药数为5枚，花药含粉量变幅为0～1017粒，花序含粉量变幅为0～807840粒；（2）9个品种未散粉（其中8个品种的花药内有花粉，但花药不开裂，仅‘Kingfisher’一个品种花药内没有花粉），11个品种散粉量较少，9个品种散粉量中等，12个品种散粉量较多。应用聚类分析分别对各品种花药含粉量和花序含粉量进行了评价，将花粉量聚类为多、中等、少、无4类，其中，中等和少的品种占80％。试验结果表明，切花小菊散粉量不仅与花序中管状花数和花药含粉量成正比，而且与花药开裂速度和开裂程度成正比。
; In this study, feature of pollen dispersal and the key factors influencingi quantity of pollen dispersal of 41 spray cut chrysanthemum cultivars were systematically investigated, with an aim to establish foundation for less-dispersing pollen or non-dispersing pollen cultivars breeding. The results showed that： The number of disk florct per inflorescence, anthers per flower, pollen quantity per anther and the pollen quantity per inflorescence were observed among the tested cultivars, which were estimated to be 85.6 - 320.2 disk floret per inflorescence, 5 anthers per flower in the vast majority ofcultivars, 0 - 1 017 gains per anther, 0 - 807 840 grains per inflorescence respectively; There were 9 non-dispersing pollen cultivars （the anthers of 8 cultivars have pollens but no cracking, while only ＇Kingfisher＇ has no pollens）, 11 less-dispersing pollen cultivars, 9 moderate quantity of pollen dispersal cultivars and 12 high quantity of pollen dispersal cultivars among them. Clustering analysis was applied to analyse the pollen quantity per anther and pollen quantity per inflorescence that were grouped into four types. Vast, moderate, a few, none, according to pollen quantity. 80% of tested cultivars are belonged to ＇moderate＇ and ＇a few＇ groups. All the results suggest that not only is the quantity of pollen dispersal of spray cut chrysanthemum positively related to the number of disk floret per inflorescence and pollen quantity per anther, but also it is positively related to the speed and degree of anther cracking.
出处
《园艺学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第4期703-712,共10页
Acta Horticulturae Sinica
基金
教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目(NCET-11-0669)
国家自然科学基金项目(31171983)
江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK2010447)
关键词
切花小菊
花药开裂
花粉量
散粉特性
spray cut chrysanthemum
anther dehiscence
pollen quantity
pollen dispersal characteristics
