摘要
晚二叠世长兴期,川东-鄂西碳酸盐台地是我国钙质海绵礁的主要产地。区内发育的礁体有三大类:台缘镶边骨架礁、台内线状及点状骨架礁和台内点状障积礁。礁组合经历过同生至早埋藏阶段的海水成岩作用,中埋藏阶段的与区域不整合面有关的地下混合水成岩作用和深埋藏阶段的上升热水成岩作用。成岩作用受沉积相和构造部位的联合控制,礁组合的有效储集孔隙是中、深埋藏阶段形成的次生孔隙。
Calcisponge reefs are well developed in the Upper Permian Changxing Formation carbonate platform, The exposed reefs are mainly distributed along three belts: The first is located on the east margin of the platform and develops rimming framework reefs.The second is on the border of open and drowned platforms, mainly comprises longitudinal framework reefs.The third is composed of bafflestone point reefs located within the platform.
The framework reef complexes have undergone four diagenetic stages: (1) The depositional stage are mainly submarine cementation and blue-algae binding.The former is limited to the reef core facies, related to high water energy and upwelling current. The latter is well developed in the reef- core facies of the longitudinal or point framework reef complexes within the platform. (2) Submarine phreatic cementation and evaporating dolomitization are the main diageneses of the early burial stage, mainly occurred in the back-reef bank and flat fades (both the rimming reefs and the reefs within the platform), and less can be found in the reef-core facies. (3) Mid-burial diagenesis closely related to the T2-T3 regional surface of unconformity. Meteoric water mixed with underground water and caused dissolusion and dolomitization. (4) Deep burial diageneses are cracking, microkarst, coarse dolomite and calcite cementation. The hydrothermal solution flown up and dissolved along crevices and stylolites (which were well developed), formed the microkarsts, and them hydrothermal dolomite and calcite filled in the microkarsts and crevices.
Secondary pores was well developed during the mid and deep-burial diagenetic stages caused by cracking, mixed water dissolusion and dolomitization, and hydrothermal solution dissolusion (microkarst), made the framework reef complexes be a significant oil reservoir.
The bafflestone point reefs contain very much calcic-mud, framework structure hadn' t formed, compaction is the main diagenesis through early-and mid-burial stages.Because of the poor porosity, and few crevices and stylolites, the mixed water and hydrothermal solution have little influence during mid-and deep-bural stages, the bafflestone reefs are no significant oil reservoir.
The diagenesis of the reef complexes is obviously controlled by the sedimentary facies and the tectionics. The regional tectonic movement, faults and T2-T3 unconformity surface, play an important part in mid-and deep-burial diagenesis. Synsedimentary faults controlled the distribution of the reef complexes, and acted as the pathways of mixed water and hydrothermal solution at mid to deep-burial stages, so the active diagenesis of the framework reef complexes is closely related to the faults.
出处
《沉积学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1991年第2期44-54,共11页
Acta Sedimentologica Sinica
