摘要
目的了解广州市黄埔区学龄前儿童气质现状及其影响因素。方法采用随机分层整群抽样的方法,对广州市黄埔区7所幼儿园1186名3～6岁儿童家长进行问卷调查,内容包括一般情况调查表、3～7岁儿童气质问卷(BSQ)。结果 1186名儿童中,易养型450人(37.9%),中间偏易养型451人(38.0%),中间偏难养型63人(5.3%),难养型120人(10.1%),启动缓慢型102人(8.6%)。各年龄组中气质类型分布的比例差异有显著性(P<0.05),儿童气质类型的分布没有性别差异(P>0.05)。气质维度中的活动性、规律性和趋避性有年龄差异,而适应度和趋避性有性别差异(P<0.05)。结论儿童气质是多因素共同作用的结果,制定预防及干预措施需综合考虑各方面因素的影响。
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of temperament and influential factors among children aged 3 to 6 years in Huangpu District of Guangzhou. METHODS A community-based sample of 1 500 children was assessed with Behavioral Style Questionnaire（BSQ） and a self-administered questionnaire including children＇s postnatal condition. RESULTS Totally 37.9%（450/1 186） children were rated as easy nurture style. 38.0%（451/1 186） children were detected as the middle easy nurture style. 5.3%（63/1 186） children were detected as the middle difficult nurture style. 10.1%（120/1 186） children were detected as difficult nurture style. 8.6%（102/1 186）children were detected as start slow style. Temperament and children age group were rated as significant difference（P〈0.05）. Children gender were rated as abnormal without significant gender differences（P〉0.05）. Temperamental activity, regularity and approach-withdrawal were rated as significant difference in age group, temperamental adapt and approach-withdrawal were associated with difficulties score（P〈0.05）. The temperament dimensions were associated with difficulties score in child age group and temperamental adapt（P〈0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Children＇s temperament is the common result of multiple factors, prevention and intervention measures should be comprehensive consideration of various factors.
出处
《中国初级卫生保健》
2013年第4期34-36,共3页
Chinese Primary Health Care
关键词
学龄前儿童
气质现状
影响因素
preschool children
temperament
influential factors
