摘要
【目的】摸清辽宁省‘南果梨’园土壤养分状况,为合理施肥提供理论依据。【方法】对辽宁省30个有代表性的‘南果梨’园土壤养分状况及叶片矿质营养状况进行了研究,结合相关土壤养分分级标准,分析‘南果梨’园土壤养分存在的问题。【结果】结果表明,辽宁省66.7%～80.0%‘南果梨’园叶片N、P、K含量处于适宜范围内,10.0%～20.0%的‘南果梨’园叶片N、P、K含量较低,有23.33%的‘南果梨’园叶片N的含量较高;50.0%～100%果园叶片Ca、Mg、Fe、B、Zn、Cu在适宜范围内,100%叶片Mn含量在高量范围内;果园土壤pH较低,平均为5.75,83.33%的果园pH小于6.5;50%的果园土壤有机质含量处于中等水平,40.0%的‘南果梨’园土壤有机质含量较低;60.0%～93.33%果园土壤全氮、有效磷、有效钾含量在中等以上水平,6.67%～33.3%的果园土壤全氮、有效磷和有效钾含量较低;63.33%～100.0%的果园土壤有效锌、有效铁、交换钙和交换镁含量整体在中等以上水平,部分果园土壤有效锌、铁含量较低;果园土壤0～20 cm土壤养分含量表层高于0～40 cm土层。【结论】辽宁省‘南果梨’叶片矿质元素含量整体处于适量状态,叶片Mn较高;果园土壤整体呈酸性,土壤有机质及矿质元素含量总体处于中等水平,部分果园土壤缺磷少钾氮不足,果园土壤养分呈表聚化。
[Objective]The soil nutrient status of ＇Nanguoli＇ （Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim.）pear orchards in Liaoning was investigated for providing the theoretical basis for reasonable fertilization. [Methods] Soil and leaf mineral nutrient status in 30 typical Nanguoli orchards in Liaoning Province were tested. The problems of soil nutrient were analyzed according to the soil nutrient grading criteria. [Results]The results showed that： the concentrations of N, P, K in leaves were proper in 66.7%-80.0% of the orchards and were low in 10.0%-20.0% of the orchards. N content was high in 23.33% of the orchards. Ca, Mg, Fe, B, Zn and Cu in leaves were suitable in 50.0%-100% of the orchards, and the high content of Mn was de- tected in all Nanguoli pear orchards. The soil pH of the orchards was low with the average of 5.75, less than 6.5 in 83.33% of the orchards. Half orchards were at the middle level of the soil organic matter and 40% were low. Content of whole N, effective P and effective K was over moderate in 60.0%-93.33% of the orchards and 6.67%-33.3% were low. The contents of effective Zn, effective Fe, exchangeable Ca and exchangeable Mg in soil were over moderate in 63.3%-100.0% of the orchards, and parts of them were low in Zn and Fe. The soil nutrients in layer between 0 to 20 cm were higher than that between 0 to 40 cm. [Conclusions] The mineral contents in leaves were suitable, but the content of Mn was high in the Nan- guoli pear orchards in Liaoning. The soil of the overall orchards was acidic. The organic matter and mineral in the soil were at moderate level, parts of the orchards were lack of K and N. The soil nutrients of the or- chards presented surface-accumulation.
出处
《果树学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第2期254-259,共6页
Journal of Fruit Science
基金
国家梨产业技术体系(nycytx-29-33)
关键词
'南果梨’
辽宁省
叶片养分
土壤养分
‘ Nanguoli pear＇ （Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim.）
Liaoning province
Leaf nutrient
Soil nutrient
