摘要
该文系统综述了植物绿叶挥发物(green leaf volatiles,GLVs)的形成特征、对植物的生态生理作用及调控机制等方面的最新研究进展。GLVs是指植物经十八碳烷酸途径过氧化物酶分支途径产生的含6个碳原子的醛、醇及其酯。除叶片外,植物的根、茎、果实、种子等部位均可以合成该类化合物,合成调控存在转录和转录后水平的调控。在特定植物中,GLVs合成及其组分还受到植物生长发育阶段和生长季节等外源环境的影响。昆虫啃食、微生物感染以及有益真菌的定植等生物逆境与缺氮等物理逆境均具有诱导GLVs合成的作用。除了参与植物特有气味形成外,GLVs在植物直接和间接防御应答中发挥着重要的作用。GLVs不仅具有抑制微生物和多种昆虫繁殖的作用,还具有诱导多种防御化合物合成、预置(prime)有关信号途径的作用。基于GLVs在植物界的广泛存在性和在防御应答中的多层次作用,该文作者提出了GLVs在道地药材品质形成中的潜在作用及开展相关研究的必要性和紧迫性。
We review advances in understanding the production, eco-physiological roles, and related regulatory mechanism of green leaf volatiles （GLVs）. GLVs are six-carbon aldehydes, alcohols and esters derived from the hydroperoxide lyase branch of the octadecanoic acid pathway in plants. Besides leaves, other tissues such as root, stem, fruit, and seed are also reported to be capable of producing the GLVs regulated at the levels of transcription and posttranscription in plants. GLVs composition and amounts are influenced by the developmental stage and growth environment such as seasonal change in a given plant. In addition, the formation of GLVs can be induced by biotic stress such as insect attack, inoculation of pathogenic bacteria and inhabitation of beneficial fungi, as well as abiotic ones such as nitrogen deficiency. Although GLVs are primarily recognized as important contributors to unique flavors, they also play important roles in direct and indirect defense responses. They not only inhibit the reproduction of bacteria, fungi and insects, but also induce the synthesis of various defensive compounds. They can also prime different signal induction pathways. The potential roles that GLVs played in the quality formation of Chinese herbs, especially genuine ones, are discussed based on their wide distribution and multi-layered defensive roles in plants. It is necessary and urgent to carry out related research on GLVs in Chinese herbs for their sustainable and green development.
出处
《植物生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第3期268-275,共8页
Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology
基金
山西省科技攻关项目(20100312027-6和20100312027-7)
关键词
中药材
防御应答
绿叶挥发物
诱导效应
品质形成
Chinese medical herbs
defense response
green leaf volatiles
induced effect
quality formation
