摘要
近年来,由胶胞炭疽病菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)引起的梨炭疽病在江苏、安徽两省酥梨产区普遍发生。本研究采集病样,分离并鉴定梨胶胞炭疽病菌25株。采用梨果表面刺伤后接种菌块的方法,观察炭疽病菌对砀山酥梨的致病性。平板接种炭疽病菌菌块,测试不同培养温度、pH值、碳源、氮源对炭疽病菌菌丝生长的影响。结果表明:参试的25株炭疽病菌中3株致病性较强,18株致病性中等,4株致病性较弱。致病性强的菌株其菌落颜色较深,菌丝浓密;致病性弱的菌株其菌落颜色均为白色,菌丝稀疏。菌落生长快,菌株的致病性较强;菌落生长慢,菌株的致病性较弱。菌株的产孢能力和致病性之间无相关性。梨胶胞炭疽病菌最适生长温度为25～30℃,最适生长pH值为5.0～7.0;菌丝对多种单糖和双糖等碳源及有机氮、无机氮均可利用,最适碳源为蔗糖,最适氮源为牛肉浸膏。
Pear anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, occurs throughout pear-growing areas in Jiangsu and Anhui provinces during the last few years and causes significant economic losses. The objective of this study is to explore the biological characteristics of C. gloeosporioides, which would benefit further understanding of the disease and control of the disease effectively. Twenty-five strains of C. gloeosporioides were isolated and identified from the diseased leaves and pomes of the orchards in Fengxian, Jiangsu province. Three strains with dark green and thick colonies had strong pathogenicities, while 4 strains with white and thin colonies had weak pathogenicities. Fast growing colonies showed strong pathogenicities, and slowly growing colonies displayed weak pathogenicities. There was no relationship between conidiayielding and pathogenicity. The optimum temperature for mycelia growth of C. gloeosporioides was 25-30 ℃, and the optimum pH value was 5.0-7. 0. C. gloeosporioides could make use of many carbohydrates and inorganic and organic nitrogen,the optimum carbon source being sucrose, and the optimum nitrogen source being beef extract.
出处
《江苏农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第1期60-64,共5页
Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
江苏省农业科技自主创新基金项目(CX10209)
国家现代梨产业技术体系专项项目(nycytx-29-09)
国家"948"基金项目(2010-C18)
关键词
梨胶胞炭疽病菌
致病性
生物学特性
Colletotrichum. gloeosporioides
pathogenicity
biological characteristic
