摘要
尼洋河是雅鲁藏布江流域内的五大支流之一,具有独特的地理位置和自然环境。在前人研究的基础上,通过扩大干流与主要支流上的采样点、增加对支流巴河上的冰川堰塞湖-巴松错采样,研究尼洋河流域的浮游动物群落结构。经鉴定,浮游动物有47属、78种;其中,原生动物17属、35种,占浮游动物总物种数的45%;轮虫17属、30种,占39%;枝角类9属、9种,占12%;桡足类4属、4种,占4%。结果表明,尼洋河流域动物群落结构在种数上以原生动物和轮虫为主,密度上主要取决于原生动物和轮虫密度的多寡,枝角类和桡足类所占的比例极低;生物量以轮虫、枝角类和桡足类为主,原生动物所占比例最少。结合各采样点的生境特征分析,尼洋河干流和支流中的巴郎曲和巴河浮游动物物种丰富、群落结构复杂、群落稳定性较高;本研究再次证明尼洋河地区肉足虫类是以古北区种类分布为主的特点,并对筒壳亚目(Tintinnina)在西藏及其周边地区的分布情况进行了研究,对解决西藏原生动物的起源和演化具有十分重要的意义。统计分析表明,相较于海拔高度的变化,小环境对浮游动物的分布有更大的作用。
As one of five major tributaries tion and natural environment. On the basis of the Yalu Zangbu River, Niyang River has a unique geographical loca- of former researches, zooplankton community structure in this region was studied by adding more sampling points in the mainstream and tributaries, and collecting samples from a glacier dammed lake - Basongcuo in the tributaries of Ba River as well. 47 genera 78 species of zooplankton were found, which included 17 genera 35 species of protozoa, 17 genera 30 species of rotifer, 9 genera 9 species of cladocerans, 4 genera 4 species of copepods, accounting for 45%, 39%, 12%, and 4% of the total species of zooplankton cor- respondingly. Results showed that in Niyang River, protozoa and rotifer were the major elements in terms of species number, and the cell density also mainly depended on the amount of protozoa and rotifer while cladocerans and co- pepods bad very low proportions of cell density. Rotifer, cladocerans and copepods were the main body in terms of biomass, and protozoa had a very low proportion. By considering the habitat characteristics of sampling points, the mainstream of Niyang River and tributaries of Niyang River （i. e. Balangqu and Ba River） were rich in zooplankton species, and had complex and stable community structures. In addition this study proved once again that Sarcodina in Niyang River region were mainly Palaearctic species. This study also speculated the distribution of Tintinnina in Tibet and its surrounding areas, which had a very important significance in studying the origin and evolution of pro- tozoan in Tibet. Finally, the statistical analysis results showed that the small environment played a greater role in effecting the distribution of zooplankton, comparing with altitude changes. The above results provided important basic data for protecting typical Tibet ecosystem, and maintaining their biological diversity.
出处
《水生态学杂志》
北大核心
2012年第6期35-43,共9页
Journal of Hydroecology
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(30770260
30900130)
关键词
浮游动物
尼洋河流域
西藏
群落结构
zooplankton
Niyang River Basin
Tibet
community structure
