摘要
依据生物地球化学循环理论,对研究区杜仲、杉木、柳杉、马尾松、落叶栎类、桢楠的土壤、活体植物和枯落物中5种毒害元素(Pb、Hg、Cd、As与Al)质量比进行分析,选择吸收、利用和归还系数3个指标,采用标准分法对各植物种类的综合修复能力进行分析。结果表明:Pb的归还系数和利用系数都很高,即在此森林生态系统中属于高循环元素;Cd、Hg、As也表现出较高的循环流动速度;Al的吸收系数、利用系数和归还系数都最小,其循环速度最慢。植物修复综合能力从大到小为杜仲、落叶栎类、杉木、桢楠、柳杉、马尾松,总体上表现为落叶阔叶树种强于常绿阔叶树种,针叶类树种效果较差,且叶片较宽的修复能力强于叶片狭窄的。单个毒害元素污染修复能力最强对应树种分别为:As,柳杉;Hg,落叶栎类、杉木、杜仲;Pb,杜仲;Al,杜仲;Cd,杜仲。
This paper is aimed at presenting our analysis of the ingre- dient concentrations of the five noxious chemical elements, that is, Pb, Hg, Cd, As and Al, in the forestry soil, the living plants and the litter of Eucommia ulmoides, Quercus spp., Cryptomeria for- tune, Pinus massoniana , Phoebe zhennan and Cunninghamia lanceo- lata on the basis of the biogeochemical recycling theory. On the basis of our analysis, we have studied the comprehensive phytoremediate a- bihty of different tree species with the Standard Scoring method, the absorptive coefficient and recycling coefficient. The results of our analysis show that： （1） The cycling coefficient and utility coefficient of Pb in the above said tree species are high, which indicates that Pb is a highly recyclablc element in the forest ecosystem. As to the ele- ments of Cd, Hg, As, they have relatively high cycling rates. But, Al has the worst cycling feature because its absorbing coefficient and recycling coefficient are both low. （2） We have found that the order of phytoremediation capacity of the five tree species can be shown as follows： Eucommia ulmoides 〉 Quercus spp. 〉 Cryptomeria fortunei 〉 Cunninghamia lanceolata 〉 Pinus massoniana 〉 Phoebe zhennan. In general, the deciduous broad-leaf trees are more capable of phy- toremediation than the evergreen ones. The coniferous tree species have relatively poor phytoremediation ability as compared with other tree species. We have also arrived at the conclusion that the broad- leaf trees have higher phytoremediation ability over the narrow-leaf ones. （3） In addition, we have also conducted a thorough research on the phytoremediation ability of different plants to remedy the damage caused by a specified single noxious element. The outcome indicates that Pinus massoniana has high phytoremediation ability for As where- as Quercus spp., Cryptomeria fortunei and Eucommia ulmoides are expected to produce satisfying results for Hg. Besides, Eucommia ul- moides has also been found as an ideal plant for remedying the dam- age to the environment caused by Pb, Al, and Cd.
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第1期50-53,共4页
Journal of Safety and Environment
基金
国土资源部中国地质调查局基金项目(200314200018)
关键词
环境学
植物修复能力
毒害元素
森林土壤
environmentology
phytoremediation ability
noxious elements
forest soil
