摘要
北宋军制的一个重要特点就是兵官与军员的分立,与一般意义的军官不同。北宋特定的立国背景和分军权之观念,使得统军之权归兵官、使臣,而军员隶属三衙,两者皆为边防力量的必要构成,却分属不同群体。文中分析了军校与兵官差别所表现的诸多方面,并分析其原因。在北宋地方统兵体制下,两者之间的隔阂和摩擦对北宋军队造成一定的消极影响。随着局势的改变,尤其推行系将法之后,新军制逐渐确立,兵官逐渐融入到军队中,而军员也部分获得武官官资,并拥有新军职,双方之间的隔离也随之打通。
A often neglected aspect of the military system of the Northern Song dynasty is the division be- tween Bing Guan （military official） and Jun Yuan （ Army personnel）, both of which are quite different from military officers in later times. The unique condition and the philosophy of dividing military responsibilities of the Northern Song dynasty resulted in the division of rights between the two missions. They both were engaged in military affairs but belonged to two different entities with the former possessing the right to control the army and the latter under control. To probe into the microscope of the military system from the perspective of the differences between the two groups is of great significance to disclose the operation and advantage and disadvantage of the system. The article focuses on the differences between the two entities on the base of briefing the basic charac- teristics of the military system and continues to discuss the reasons and the likely effect of it： the division and clashes cof the two entities had negative effect upon the military forces. With the new regime came into being, especially after the adoption of Ji Jiang Fa （fixed general method）, the division was eventually broken.
出处
《历史教学（下半月）》
CSSCI
2013年第2期39-46,共8页
History Teaching
关键词
兵官
军员
使臣
军制
Bing Guan （military official）, Jun Yuan （Army personnel）, Emissary, Military System
