摘要
存在于混合物中的有机污染物是现代生活环境中常见的危害性较高的污染物。有机物过冷液体溶解度不仅是环境科学研究领域的重要概念,也是环境监测、环境质量评价、制定污染治理方案所需要的重要参数。由于过冷液体溶解度无法通过常规的实验方法进行测量,只能借助热力学计算取得。但是已有的热力学参数欠缺、精度不够,很多有机物的过冷液体溶解度或者无法准确计算,或者差异巨大。针对非水液相混合有机污染物中过冷液体溶解度取值问题,本文提出了一种测量过冷液体溶解度的实验方法,即采用批处理实验在不同摩尔分数点取得该点的平衡浓度,根据实验结果将不同摩尔分数点的平衡浓度外推(依线性或者非线性规律)至摩尔分数为一时,得到值为过冷液体溶解度。本文对对几种多环芳香烃进行了实验研究,并将实验结果的与其它方法得到的数值进行比较。结果与已经发表数值吻合,证实该方法的准确性和可靠性。同时也点评了该方法的局限性及应用前景。
The subcooled liquid solubility is a critical parameter in the fields of environmental science and engineering.However,the subcooled liquid solubility is defined as the aqueous solubility for a hypothetical state-the subcooled liquid.Therefore,it is impossible to measure the subcooled liquid solubility directly by routine methods.By far,the value of subcooled liquid solubility can only be obtained via thermodynamic derivation with solid solubility and fugacity ratio.However,there are little consisting reference data for most components,and even no reference data for some environmental hazardous components.A novel experimental and modeling method was developed in this work to determine the subcooled liquid solubility.For each component,a series of batch experiments were performed with an increased mole fraction of the solute in NAPL,and the equilibrium aqueous concentrations were obtained at every mole fraction point.The equilibrium aqueous concentrations were extrapolated linearly or non-linearly to the point where the mole fraction is one.The concentration obtained at this point is the subcooled liquid solubility of the determined component.This method was used to detect the subcooled liquid solubilities of naphthalene,1-methylnaphthalene,2-methylnaphthalene,phenanthrene and anthracene.The subcooled liquid solubilities obtained via this method are well consistent with the published data in the literature.
出处
《地球与环境》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第1期90-96,共7页
Earth and Environment
基金
广州能源研究所所长基金资助(Y107a21001)
