摘要
利用线粒体DNA控制区(D-loop)序列分析淮河淮滨段、凤台段、蚌埠段、洪泽湖的野生乌鳢(Ophicephalus argus)种群遗传结构及种群历史.结果表明,在790bp的同源序列中,4个种群共检测到变异位点22个,占全部序列的2.78%,84个个体共检测到33种单倍型;4个种群的平均单倍型多样性(h)、核苷酸多样性(Pi)分别为0.956 8、0.0038,表明淮河野生乌鳢种群的遗传多样性水平较高.4个种群间的遗传分化指数Fst为0.046 0,仅3.10%的变异来自种群间(AMOVA分析),基因交流值为10.3696,种群间K2-P遗传距离为0.003～0.005,从而显示乌鳢种群间没有发生明显的地理分化.NJ树揭示4个种群的个体组成2个谱系,但这2个谱系与地理分布并不相关.中性检验、错配分析和Network网络亲缘关系分析皆表明乌鳢鱼种群有过种群扩张,扩张时间约在末次冰期早期,距今51.8ka BP～74.6ka BP.
The Ophicephalus argus is a commercially valuable aquaculture fish in some regions of China,which was widely distributed throughout the freshwaters reservoirs,lakes and rivers of China.Due to overfishing,environmental pollution,water conservancy,human production activities and other causes,wild Ophicephalus argus has declined rapidly and disappeared.Its fishery resources has been gradually exhausted in the Huaihe River Basin in the past decades.In order to analysis the genetic structure and demographic history of Ophicephalus argus,the mitochondrial D-loop sequences were used in the study.The results showed that the length of D-loop sequence contained 790 bp nucleotides and the A,T,G and C contents were 33.19%、28.25%、16.59% and 21.97%,respectively.22 nucleotide sites and 33 haplotypes were obtained from 84 individuals collecting in 4 different regions,which included HB,FT,BB,and HZL.The average haplotype diversity（h） and nucleotide diversity（π） was 0.956 8,0.003 8,respectively,which showed that there was high level genetic diversity in the populations of Ophicephalus argus from Huaihe River basin.The AMOVA analysis（total Fst=0.046 0） and the level of Nm values（10.369 6）,as well as the average K2-P distances（0.003~0.005） all revealed that the Ophicephalus argus had no obviously geographical differentiation.However,the phylogenetic tree estimated by neighbor-joining（NJ） method indicated that the individuals of Ophicephalus argus formed two monophyletic lineages,and the two lineages were not correlated with geographical populations.Neutrality tests,mismatch distribution and network analysis suggested that this species underwent population expansion in the early phase of last glacial period following bottlenecks and/or they originated from a small number of founding individuals.The time that the total population of Ophicephalus argus in the Huaihe River expanded was estimated 51.8 ~74.6 thousands years before present.
出处
《华中师范大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
北大核心
2013年第1期82-90,共9页
Journal of Central China Normal University：Natural Sciences
基金
安徽省教育厅重点科研项目(KJ2011Z069)
安徽科技学院预研项目(ZRC2012312)
安徽科技学院稳定人才项目(ZRC2011257)
