摘要
目的探究器官捐献志愿者的捐献动机及影响因素,为移植工作人员采取针对性措施鼓励人们参与器官捐献提供指导。方法采用半结构式访谈法对器官捐献志愿者进行深入访谈,根据扎根理论方法,在NVivo 8.0质性分析软件的辅助下分析资料。结果志愿者捐献器官的动机主要包括帮助他人、实现夙愿、减轻负担、物尽其用、回馈社会和生命延续六种类型。人口学因素、传统观念、个人经历、家人态度、榜样效应、媒介宣传以及捐赠体制等可能成为重要的促动或阻碍因素。结论卫生行政部门应尽快完善捐献体制,加大宣传力度,合理利用榜样效应,重视家属在捐献决策中的地位,以提高器官捐献率。
Objective To explore the motives of and factors related to organ donation among people registered for their decision about becoming an organ and/or tissue donor for transplantation after death, and to provide information for registration staff to give en- couraging guidance to people who wish to donate their organ or tissue. Methods Semi-structured and deep face to face interviews were carried out investigate the motives of and {actors related to organ donation among people registered for their decision about be-coming an organ and/or tissue donor for transplantation after death. Data were analysed by using NVivo 8.0 under the grounded theory. Results Six main motives for organ donation were discovered：helping others, fulfilling onets own will, easing the burdens, making full use of everything, making contribution to the society and continuation of one＇s life. Peoplers demographics, traditional values, personal experiences, attitude of families, influences from a role model, media publicity and donation system were the main seven factors that could promote or obstacle organ donation. Conclusion The administrative department of public health should im- prove the donation system, intensify media publicity, set role models,and pay attention to role of families in the donation decision- making, in an effort to improve organ donation rate.
关键词
器官移植
器官捐献
志愿者
动机
质性研究
organ transplantation
organ donationl donorl motives
qualitative research
