摘要
目的调查西藏拉萨市1 370名藏族居民高血压的患病情况和影响因素。方法采用系统分层随机抽样方法,对西藏拉萨3县1区中1 370例18岁以上的常住居民进行调查,结果使用SPSS 13.0软件进行卡方检验、单因素和多因素Logistic回归等方法分析高血压的患病情况和影响因素。结果高血压的患病率为51.20%,其中男性显著高于女性(P=0.004),随着年龄的增长患病率增高。平均收缩压和舒张压分别为(136.96±30.24)和(89.34±24.48)mmHg,男性高于女性(P<0.001)。单因素Logistic回归分析结果显示高血压患病率在年龄、文化程度、职业、收入、是否吸烟、吸烟时间、饮酒、饮用酥油茶量、每日饮水量、食用水果、肉类以及油脂摄入量等差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),在性别、城乡来源、体重指数、婚姻状况、食用蔬菜量、食用奶制品量上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),在食用蛋类量上差异无统计学意义(P=0.068),高海拔与高血压患病率无明显相关。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示男性、高龄、吸烟时间、每日饮用酥油茶量和每月食用油脂量为危险因素。每日饮用水量、每天食用奶制品量为保护因素。结论高血压在拉萨地区发病率较高,影响因素众多。提示要加强对高血压的健康宣教,提高人群健康知识水平和健康意识,对重点人群进行干预,提高自我防病意识。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of hypertension and influencing factors among 1370 Tibetan residents of Lhasa, Tibet. Methods A representative population was selected using stratified proportional sampling, including 1 370 Tibetan participants with age ≥18 years old. Prevalence rate and influential factors of hypertension were explored through Chi-square, logistic regression analysis with SPSS 13.0. Results The total prevalence of the hypertension was 51.2%, significantly higher in men （56.0%） than in women （48.0%） （P =0. 004）, with rising in each age group. The mean systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were 136. 96 ± 30. 24 and 89. 34 ± 24. 48 mmHg, respectively, higher in men than in women （ P 〈 0. 001 ）. According to the univariate logistie regression value, prevalence rate hypertension had statistieally remarkable significant in age, standard of culture, occupation, income, smoking, smoking duration, drinking, the amount of drinking butter tea ,water intake, fruit intake, edible oils and fats etc（ P 〈 0. 001 ）, and had statistical difference in sex, resident of urban and rural area, BMI, marital status, the amount of vegetables intake ,the amount of consumption of dairy products （P 〈 0. 05 ）. Egg intake had no statistieal significant （P = 0. 068 ）. Prevalenee of hypertension and high altitude had no significant correlation. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression explored that the relative risk factors of hypertension were male, advanced age, smoking duration, the amount of drinking butter tea daily, edible oil and fat monthly. The relative protective factors of hypertension were daily water intake, the amount of consumption of dairy products. Conclusions Hypertension was found to be highly prevalent in Lhasa, and Influenced by many factors. Publicity of health knowledge about hypertension should be enhanced, and health knowledge and health realization of people should be promoted. High-risk groups must be intervened, and the awareness of self-protection should be enhanced.
出处
《公共卫生与预防医学》
2013年第1期10-15,共6页
Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine
基金
2010年度北京市优秀人才资助项目(2010D003034000046)
关键词
高血压
患病率
影响因素
Hypertension
Prevalence rate
Influencing factors
