摘要
[目的]了解湖南省2006--2010年新报告尘肺病的流行特征，为制定尘肺病防治对策提供科学依据。[方法]将湖南省尘肺数据信息库中2006---2010年尘肺病个案报告卡的基本信息、工种、尘肺种类、接尘工龄、发病年龄、期别等内容由职业病网上直报系统导入Excel2007电子表格，得到新报告尘肺患者信息，然后运用SPSS16．0统计软件进行单向分类方差分析和LSD，t检验。[结果]壹期、贰期、叁期尘肺平均发病接尘工龄分别为（16．9±8．6）、（16．3±8．0）、（17．7土8-3）年；平均发病年龄分别为（50．0±9．7）、（48．5士8．3）、（51．1±8．5）岁。尘肺发病年龄，主要集中在40—60岁年龄段，占73．41％，发病年龄最小者为铸工尘肺（47．5±8,8）岁，最大者为水泥尘肺（51．2±10．5）岁，平均发病年龄为（49．9士9．4）岁。接尘工龄，主要集中在10～25年，占60．19％，以矽肺接尘工龄最短，平均为（13．9±8．7）年，水泥尘肺接尘工龄最长，平均为（20．9士7．5）年。发病人数以煤工尘肺为多，占67．00％。尘肺平均发病接尘工龄为（16．8±8．3）年，在不同尘肺期别、不同工种和不同尘肺种类之间的差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。平均发病年龄，在不同工种和不同尘肺种类之间的差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05），在不同尘肺期别的差异具有统计学意义（P〈O．05）。[结论]接尘工龄在10～25年、年龄在40～60岁为尘肺发病高峰期．应重视该阶段的尘肺防治工作。特别是职业健康监护工作。
[ Objective ] To understand epidemiological characteristics of newly reported pneumoconiosis patients in Hunan Province from 2006 to 2010, and to provide a scientific basis for protective strategy against pneumoconiosis. [ Methods ] Patients information registered to the Hunan pneumoconiosis direct reporting system in 2006-2010, including basic information, types of work, types of pneumoconiosis, exposure time, onset age, pneumoconiosis stages, were entered into an Excel 2007 database and analyzed. Statistical tests （LSD-t test and one-way variance analysis） were performed by SPSS 16.0 statistical software. [ Results For stage I, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ pneumoeoniosis, the average exposure time was 16.9 ± 8.6, 16.3 ± 8.0, 17.7 ± 8.3 years respectively （F=7.764, P〈0.05）; the average onset age was 50.0 ±9.7, 48.5 ± 8.3, and 51.1± 8.5 years, respectively （F=26.470, P〈0.05）. The incidence was mostly observed at the ages between 40 and 60, accounting for 73.41%. The youngest onset age was found in foundry workers＇ pneumoconiosis, 47.5 ± 8.8 years, the oldest was cement pneumoconiosis, 51.2 ±10.5 years, the average onset age in various pneumoeoniosis was 49.9 ± 9.4 years, and there were no significant differences in the onset ages among different types of work （F=0.714, P〉0.05）. The exposure time was mostly between 10 and 25 years, accounting for 60.19%, and the average of all cases studied was 16.8± 8.3 years; the shortest was silicosis, 13.9 ± 8.7 years, the longest was cement pneumoconiosis, 20.9 ± 7.5 years, and remarkable differences in the exposure time were found among different types of pneumoconiosis （F=69.798, P 〈 0.05）. Coal worker＇s pneumoconiosis accounted for 67.00% of all the cases. [ Conclusion ] The 40- to 60-year-old workers with exposure times ranged from 10-25 years are the key population for pneumoconiosis prevention and occupational health surveillance.
出处
《环境与职业医学》
CAS
北大核心
2013年第2期134-136,139,共4页
Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine
关键词
尘肺
工龄
流行病学
pneumoconiosis
work years
epidemiological
