摘要
目的为股外侧穿支皮瓣的临床应用提供解剖学依据。方法5侧新鲜成人髋关节平面离断的下肢标本，经股动脉插管灌注红色乳胶，观测股外侧中、下部皮肤穿支数目、分布、蒂长与外径。结果在股外侧中、下部共观测皮肤穿支19支，平均每侧（3．8±1．3）支。穿支主要来源于股深动脉第3穿动脉，部分来源于膝上外侧动脉及股深动脉第2、4穿动脉，股深动脉第3穿动脉皮穿支于腓骨小头上（13．8±1．5）cm浅出深筋膜，膝上外侧动脉皮穿支于腓骨小头上（8．6±1．3）cm浅出深筋膜，皮肤穿支在穿深筋膜平面外径（0．7±0．2）mm。股深动脉第3穿动脉血管蒂外径（1．9±0．2）mm，蒂长（12．2±0．6）tin；膝上外侧动脉起始部外径（1．5±0．2）mm，蒂长（6．84-1．1）cm。股深动脉穿动脉与膝上外侧动脉的穿支分支相互吻合成网。结论股外侧穿支血管出现恒定，有较粗的血管外径，携带源动脉能获得较长的血管蒂，具备游离移植及带蒂转移所要求的解剖学特点。
Objective To provide anatomic evidence for the application of the lateral thigh perforator flap. Methods Dissected five fresh Chinese adult lower limbs specimens which were injected with red latex via arterial cannula. On the lateral area of middle and distal thigh, obseved the number, distribution, course, category, length of pedicle and external diameter of the flaps＇ perforators on specimens. Results On the lat- eral area of middle and distal thigh 19 perforator arteris were observed in these specimens, averagely there were （ 3.8 ± 1.3 ） cutaneous perforators in each flap. Perforators mainly origined from the third perforator artery of profunda femoris, secondly from the second, fourth perforator artery and superior lateral genieular artery. Cuta- neous perforators of the third perforator artery of profunda femoris pierced the flap on （ 13.8 ± 1.5 ）em proximal of the fibulae eapitulum, while the cutaneous perforators of superior lateral genieular artery on （ 8.6 ± 1.3 ） cm proximal of the fibulae capitulum. Averagely internal diameter of cutaneous perforators was （0. 7 ±0. 2 ） mm at the point where the perforators pierced deep fascia. The diameter of the profunda femoris was （ 1.9± 0. 2 ） mm, and the pediele length was （ 12.2 ± 0. 6） em. The diameter of superior lateral genieular artery was （ 1.5 ± 0. 2） ram, and the pedicle length was （ 6. 8 ± 1.1 ） era. There were inoseulated branch in these perforators which came from profunda femoris and superior lateral genieular artery. Conclusion The anatomic characteristic allowed this flap would likely be clinically useful in repairing soft tissue defects in extremity limbs as a free or pedicled flap, which the cutaneous perforators invariably appeared on the skin of lateral areat of middle and distal thigh ; the flap could obtain enough length of the pediele from its origination; the vessel has large caliber supporting a substantial cutaneous territory.
出处
《中华显微外科杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第1期52-55,共4页
Chinese Journal of Microsurgery
基金
2010年度湖南省卫生厅科研计划项目（B2010-057）
关键词
股深动脉
膝上外侧动脉
穿支皮瓣
应用解剖
Profunda femoris
Superior lateral genicular artery
Perforator flap
Applied anatomy
