摘要
公平性是衡量一国养老保险制度是否成功的主要依据之一。文章通过对中国基本养老金替代率的测算,认为养老保险制度的收入再分配功能较弱,部分养老金领取者可能陷入老年绝对贫困,许多老年人也可能陷入老年相对贫困,低收入者、灵活就业人员、高龄老人和部分弱势群体的老年贫困发生率很高,这在一定程度挫伤了他们缴纳养老保险费的积极性。作者建议,政府应考虑对灵活就业人员参保时给予费率减免,以解决该群体负担能力较弱的问题,同时出台一些养老保险优惠政策,保护特定的弱势群体,并发放高龄福利补贴,解决高龄老人的贫困问题。
Fairness is one of the primary measuring standards to assess if a country's pension insurance system is successful.After calculating China's basic old-age pension replacement rate,we believe that the pension insurance system of income redistribution function is weak,so that some of the pensioners may fall into absolute poverty in old age,and many elderly pensioners are also likely to fall into old age relative poverty.For those low-income,flexible workers and vulnerable groups,due to high possibility of falling into poverty in old age,their enthusiasm of paying pension may be dampened.We suggest that,in order to promote the affordability among the vulnerable groups,the government shall consider giving employment insurance rate relief to flexible workers and introducing a number of preferential policies for pension insurance to protect the vulnerable groups.Meanwhile,to tackle the poverty among the oldest old,senior citizens welfare subsidies shall be instituted.
出处
《中国人口科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2013年第1期88-98,128,共11页
Chinese Journal of Population Science
