摘要
目的了解中西部农村地区居民吸烟、被动吸烟及戒烟现状，为改善中西部农村地区吸烟状况提供建议。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法，对山西、甘肃、青海、新疆4个省（自治区）中16个项目县84个行政村5486名15—69岁的居民进行问卷调查。以吸烟率、开始吸烟年龄、被动吸烟率、戒烟率和对烟草危害健康的知晓率作为调查指标，调查中西部地区农村居民吸烟现状。结果调查对象的吸烟率为20．9％，其中，男性吸烟率为44．8％，女性吸烟率为2．0％；汉族吸烟率高于少数民族，不同性别、民族和文化程度者的吸烟率差异有统计学意义（P〈O．001）。吸烟者开始吸烟平均年龄为（21.3±5．6）岁，男性早于女性。被动吸烟率为37．8％，其中男性31．9％，女性40．4％，女性受到的被动吸烟危害高于男性。调查人群戒烟率为1．9％。结论中西部农村地区居民吸烟和被动吸烟状况面临挑战，尤其是戒烟率较低，政府及相关部门应采取相应有效干预措施，以减少烟草对居民健康的危害。
Objective To study the status of smoking, passive smoking and quitting smoking in rural areas of the middle and western regions in China, and to develop strategies for improvement. Methods A total of 5486 residents aged 15 to 69 years in 84 villages of the 16 counties in Gansu, Qinghai, Shanxi and Xinjiang were selected through a stratified multistage cluster random sampling method to collect information through questionnaires. Data on the initiate age of smoking, and rates on smoking, passive smoking, quitting smoking as well as related knowledge were used as nutritional indicators. Results The overall smoking rate was 20.9%, with 44.8% in males and 2.0% higher than seen in females. The rate of smoking in Han nationality was higher than that in other minorities. There were significant differences seen in genders and nationalities as well the level of education received, in the rates of smoking. Smokers started to smoke at the age of 21.3 ±5.6 with males earlier than females. The rate of passive smoking was 37.8%, with males as 31.9%, and females as 40.4%, respectively. The rate of quitting smoking appeared as 1.9%. Conclusion The status of smoking in the rural areas of middle and western regions in China faced challenges, with relatively low rate of quitting smoking. Relevant strategies need to be developed accordingly.
出处
《中华流行病学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第2期137-139,共3页
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology
关键词
吸烟
被动吸烟
戒烟
农村居民
Smoking
Passive smoking
Quitting smoking
Rural residents
