摘要
我国热处理与世界先进水平有很大差距,以致制造业产品的寿命低、可靠性、安全性差,只能大量生产中低端产品,以沉重的环境与资源代价换取微薄的利润,难以可持续发展。许多高端装备或关键零部件依赖进口,威胁国家安全。亟需改变热处理在我国未受应有重视的现状,正确认识热处理在先进制造业中的关键作用和核心技术的地位。努力提高我国热处理水平,突破制约我国由制造业大国向制造业强国转变的瓶颈,是一项紧迫而艰巨的任务。我国热处理发展战略的要点大致有三方面。①推行热处理精益生产、革除粗放式恶习,是当前要务。采用分析测试—计算机模拟—生产试验相结合的技术路线,开展热处理工艺研究和热处理设备虚拟设计,并实施严格的生产过程控制,切实提高热处理质量。②立足长远,加强热处理基础研究。相变理论、微观组织与性能的关系及其调控原理、正确反映各种外场对材料内部演变的复杂影响的多学科交叉研究等有待开展。这些研究涉及面广、难度很大,需要给予充分和持续的支持。③发展信息化智能热处理技术。充分利用信息化的优越性,融合多学科基础理论知识和科技新成果,发展高度知识密集型的智能热处理技术,是我国热处理实现跨越式发展,攀登世界顶峰的必由之路;并将成为整个制造业智能制造的重要组成部分,具有重大而深远的意义。
The heat treatment has a large gap between in China and advanced world.Our manufactured products have low service life and reliability.Therefore,we can only produce low and middle-end product to get low profit at the cost of environment and resource damage.It threatens national security that many high-end equipment and key parts are depended on import.Now it is of great importance and urgency task to recognize the key role of heat treatment in advanced manufacturing,change the long-neglected heat treatment situation,improve our heat treatment technology and broke the bottleneck from a great manufacturing nation to a powerful manufacturing nation.The key points of heat treatment development strategy in China mainly have three aspects： ① Implement heat treatment lean manufacturing and abolish extensive manufacturing.To improve products＇ quality,we should apply the technology procedure of analysis testing—simulation—pilot production,virtual design the heat treatment equipment and strict control productive process.② Strengthen the heat treatment basic research.It should be improve that solid phase theory,microstructure and performance and multidisciplinary research.③ Develop informational intelligent heat treatment technique.Develop highly knowledge intensive intelligent heat treatment can achieve leap development and is important part of intelligent manufacturing.
出处
《金属热处理》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第1期4-14,共11页
Heat Treatment of Metals
关键词
热处理现状
发展战略
heat treatment status
development strategy
