摘要
滇西北地区是云南地势和纬度最高的区域 ,土地资源以山地高原为主 ;陡坡地多 ,平地少 ;高寒层土地多 ,低热层土地少 ;垂直分异明显 ,水平分异突出 ;大部分地区自然条件差 ,社会经济发展缓慢 ,土地资源开发利用难度大。近年由于人口增长和经济发展 ,陡坡垦殖和轮歇种植日趋严重 ,造成森林减少、草场退化、水土流失严重 ,使人口—土地—环境矛盾日趋突出 ,导致贫困人口较多 ,部分人口失去生存条件。本区面临生物资源保护和促进社会经济发展问题。应从人口—土地—环境互养共生角度出发 ,树立土地资源可持续利用观念 ;因地制宜 ,调整用地结构 ;加强基础建设 ,改善土地开发条件 ;依靠科技进步 ,提高土地集约经营和土地集约经营水平 ;开源节流 ,实行土地整理 ;运用法律手段 ,加强土地的管理和监督 ;控制人口增长 ,调节土地需求。
Land resources in northwest Yunnan take highland and plateau as the leading factor where both altitude and latitute is the highest in Yunnan Province.Of the land resources,steep sloping land predominates over flat land;land in high cold horizon over land in low hot horizon;vertical differentiation is distinctive with outstanding horizontal differentiation;natural conditions are poor in most part of the region where socio economic development has lagged behind,hence it is difficult to exploit and utilize land resources.Sharp decrease in forest area,degradation of pastureland,and serious soil and water loss resulting from increasingly serious steep slope reclamation and rotational and abandoned planting due to population growth and economic development.Consequently,contradiction of population land environment became even sharper,causing more people poverty stricken and part of population losing survival conditions.Confronting the issues on biological resources conservation and promotion of socio economic development,efforts should be made to develop concept of sustainable utilization of land resources from the view point of mutual survival and coexistence of population land environment;to adjust land use structure by adopting measures suitable to local conditions;to strengthen infrastructure construction and improve land exploitation conditions;to increase intensive management level of land by relying on advancement in science and technology;to practice land arrangement by tapping new sources of supply and reduce consumption;to enforce land administration and supervision by means of legal procedures;and regulate land requirement by controlling population increase.
出处
《资源科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2000年第5期63-68,共6页
Resources Science
关键词
土地资源
开发利用
持续发展
滇西北
Land resources
Exploitation and utilization
Sustainable development
Northwest Yunnan
