摘要
检察机关“生于司法，却无往不在行政之中”。检察机关的性质、职能与其“三级审批制”的行政性办案方式长期存在突出矛盾，因此需要推进适度司法化的改革。2012年刑事诉讼法修改，从逮捕程序改革、司法救济权赋予，到简易程序出庭和法律监督任务的加重，使检察机关办案方式适度司法化成为更迫切的课题。目前虽然存在检察机关自身素质、体制逻辑、外部配合等内外障碍，但仍可能为其创造一定的运行空间和条件。适度司法化改革主要体现于组织性措施和程序性措施两个方面，包括确认骨干检察官的相对独立性，塑造一线责任主体；由不同业务方向的办案组群，形成“多点式办案单元”和“扁平化”管理模式；建立主任检察官制度，促进分类管理和检察官职务体系的合理构成；区别不同业务性质和需要，引进对审听证程序要素，建构审前程序的弹劾制构造。
The procuratorial organization is a born judicial apparatus but always bears administrative qualities. The nature and functions of the procuratorial organization has always been in conflict with the ＂three-level system of examination and approval＂ mode of case-handling. Moderate judicialization of the mode of case-handling results from the nature and functions of the procuratorial organization. Meanwhile, it is significant for the team construction and sustainable development of the procuratorial organization. The amendment of the Criminal Procedure Law involves the reform of the arrest proce- dure, the right to judicial protection, the duty to appear in court in summary procedure, heavier bur- den of legal supervision, etc. , which all make the judicialization of procuratorial activities an urgent task. Moderate judicialization can help break the developmental bottleneck in the reform of the procu- ratorial system, and has universal significance worldwide. Although presently there do exist limita- tions concerning personnel quality, systematic ideology, cooperation between different organizations, etc. , we can make space for the realization of judicialization. The important thing is to set reasonable limits. The concrete measures of moderate judicialization include the acknowledgement of the relative independence of mainstay procurators to form the subjects of frontline responsibility, forming a ＂multi-point case-handling unit＂ and a ＂flat＂ mode of management which include case-handling teams in various fields, establishing the system of responsible procurators and promoting the system of classified management and procuratorial positions, differentiating the qualities and needs of different work and introducing elements from the adversarial hearing procedure so as to increase the fairness, justifiability and openness of our work, and forming an accusatorial structure of pre-trial procedure.
出处
《法学研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2013年第1期169-191,共23页
Chinese Journal of Law
基金
最高人民检察院2012年检察理论研究重点课题(GJ2012B05)项目成果
关键词
检察机关
办案方式
适度司法化
检察改革
procuratorial organization, case-handling mode, moderate judicialization, procuratorialreform
